Immune mediators in the tumor microenvironment of prostate cancer.
Immune mediators in the tumor microenvironment of prostate cancer.
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DOI：
10.1186/s40880-017-0198-3
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发表时间：
2017-03-14
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Keller ET
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dai J;Lu Y;Roca H;Keller JM;Zhang J;McCauley LK;Keller ET
前列腺癌组织由癌细胞和宿主细胞组成。构成肿瘤的宿主成分所处的环境称为肿瘤微环境（tumor microenvironment， TME）。宿主细胞可以是来自肿瘤起源组织的细胞（如成纤维细胞和内皮细胞），也可以是通过趋化或其他因素募集到肿瘤的细胞（如循环免疫细胞）。一些免疫细胞在TME中起着关键作用，在肿瘤内发现的非肿瘤细胞中占很大比例。免疫细胞可以同时具有抗肿瘤和促肿瘤活性。此外，前列腺癌细胞与免疫细胞之间的串扰会影响免疫细胞的功能。在这篇综述中，我们主要关注免疫细胞和细胞因子在肿瘤进展中的作用。我们讨论了T调节性和T辅助17细胞和巨噬细胞在前列腺癌进展中的关键调节作用。此外，我们还讨论了白细胞介素-6和核因子κ b配体受体激活剂在调节前列腺癌进展中的作用。这篇综述强调了免疫细胞和细胞因子为前列腺癌治疗提供了一个潜在的有希望的靶点的概念。
Prostate cancer tissue is composed of both cancer cells and host cells. The milieu of host components that compose the tumor is termed the tumor microenvironment (TME). Host cells can be those derived from the tissue in which the tumor originates (e.g., fibroblasts and endothelial cells) or those recruited, through chemotactic or other factors, to the tumor (e.g., circulating immune cells). Some immune cells are key players in the TME and represent a large proportion of non-tumor cells found within the tumor. Immune cells can have both anti-tumor and pro-tumor activity. In addition, crosstalk between prostate cancer cells and immune cells affects immune cell functions. In this review, we focus on immune cells and cytokines that contribute to tumor progression. We discuss T-regulatory and T helper 17 cells and macrophages as key modulators in prostate cancer progression. In addition, we discuss the roles of interleukin-6 and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand in modulating prostate cancer progression. This review highlights the concept that immune cells and cytokines offer a potentially promising target for prostate cancer therapy.