Working Memory Training for Healthy Older Adults: The Role of Individual Characteristics in Explaining Short- and Long-Term Gains.
Working Memory Training for Healthy Older Adults: The Role of Individual Characteristics in Explaining Short- and Long-Term Gains.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2017.00099
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Carretti B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Borella E;Carbone E;Pastore M;De Beni R;Carretti B
目的：本研究的目的是探讨年龄、教育程度、词汇量和工作记忆 (WM) 任务中的基线表现等个人特征（与训练中使用的任务（标准任务）类似）是否可以预测老年人言语 WM 训练的短期和长期特定收益和迁移效果。方法：四项研究采用了 Borella 等人的方法。我们发现口头 WM 培训程序符合我们的分析，因为它们包括： 参加培训课程（WM 培训组）或替代活动（主动对照组）的健康老年人；评估特定收益（在标准 WM 任务上）和转移效应（最近的视觉空间 WM 任务，近的短期记忆任务，远的流体智力测量、处理速度测量和两种抑制措施）的相同措施；和后续会议。结果：线性混合模型证实了训练的整体效果（至少在短期内）以及一些维持效果。在受过训练的小组中，所考虑的个人特征被发现有助于（尽管在某些情况下只是适度的）解释训练的效果。结论：总体而言，我们的研究结果表明，在检查老年人的 WM 训练效果时，考虑个体特征和个体差异的重要性。
Objective: The aim of the present study was to explore whether individual characteristics such as age, education, vocabulary, and baseline performance in a working memory (WM) task—similar to the one used in the training (criterion task)—predict the short- and long-term specific gains and transfer effects of a verbal WM training for older adults. Method: Four studies that adopted the Borella et al. verbal WM training procedure were found eligible for our analysis as they included: healthy older adults who attended either the training sessions (WM training group), or alternative activities (active control group); the same measures for assessing specific gains (on the criterion WM task), and transfer effects (nearest on a visuo-spatial WM task, near on short-term memory tasks and far on a measure of fluid intelligence, a measure of processing speed and two inhibitory measures); and a follow-up session. Results: Linear mixed models confirmed the overall efficacy of the training, in the short-term at least, and some maintenance effects. In the trained group, the individual characteristics considered were found to contribute (albeit only modestly in some cases) to explaining the effects of the training. Conclusions: Overall, our findings suggest the importance of taking individual characteristics and individual differences into account when examining WM training gains in older adults.