Why Do States Build Walls? Political Economy, Security, and Border Stability
Why Do States Build Walls? Political Economy, Security, and Border Stability
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DOI：
10.1177/0022002715596776
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发表时间：
2017-02-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Poast, Paul
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carter, David B.;Poast, Paul
边界构成了国家的国际体系。因此，各国将不时采取果断措施来确保边界安全，其中最具侵略性的战略是建造物理障碍，我们称之为边界墙。利用1800年至2014年人造边境墙建设的原始数据，我们进行了理论分析，发现在许多情况下，边境墙建设与经济安全有关。各州之间的巨大经济差距将刺激非法运送人口或货物，这些货物在较贫穷的国家很容易获得，但在较富裕的国家受到高度管制。我们发现，经济差距对实体墙的存在产生了实质性的重大影响，而实体墙独立于正式的边界争端和对邻国内战不稳定的担忧。换句话说，像马奇诺防线这样的突出例子，主要是出于对攻击的恐惧而建造的，是一个例外，而不是国家建造边界墙的例子。
Borders constitute the international system of states. Accordingly, states will, from time to time, take assertive measures to secure the border, with among the most aggressive strategies being the construction of physical barriers, which we refer to as border walls. Using original data on man-made border wall construction from 1800 to 2014, we theorize and find that in many cases, wall construction is about economic security. Significant economic disparities between the states will create incentives to illegally transport people or move goods readily available in the poorer country but highly regulated in the richer country. We find that economic disparities have a substantial and significant impact on the presence of a physical wall that is independent of formal border disputes and concerns over instability from civil wars in neighbors. In other words, prominent examples such as the Maginot Line, constructed largely out of fear of attack, is an exception, not the exemplar, of the reasons states construct border walls.