Long-distance movements of little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus)
Long-distance movements of little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus)
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DOI：
10.1644/12-mamm-a-065.1
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发表时间：
2013-04-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Willis, Craig K. R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Norquay, Kaleigh J. O.;Martinez-Nunez, Felix;Willis, Craig K. R.
量化野生物种的分布、栖息地和个体运动对于了解它们的生态和保护至关重要。这对于受白鼻综合征（一种与真菌破坏地霉菌有关的冬眠蝙蝠的新疾病）影响的蝙蝠物种来说尤为紧迫。我们在加拿大马尼托巴省和安大略省西北部的一个337,540公里(2)的研究区域内研究了单个小棕蝠（Myotis lucifugus）的季节内和季节间运动。我们的目标是量化每年从冬眠地和/或夏季栖息地迁移的雄性和雌性蝙蝠的比例，在这些地点冬眠的群体中捕获的雄性和雌性与其他冬眠地的比例，以及在迁移事件中雄性和雌性移动的距离。我们预测蝙蝠会表现出雄性偏向性的分散，雄性更有可能重新安置，更有可能在重新安置事件中长途跋涉。在1989年至2010年期间，我们重新捕获了10432只带状个体中的1459只。从冬眠和/或蜂群到夏季蜂群的季节性移动范围从10到647公里不等。与之前的研究一致，我们发现夏季蚁群和冬眠蚁群的保真度很高。然而，一些个体在不同年份之间改变了迁移地点，迁移距离的中位数为315公里，超过20%的个体迁移超过500公里。令人惊讶的是，我们发现女性比男性更有可能搬迁。我们的数据可以帮助解释G. destructans分布的明显跳跃，但需要更多关于真菌在野外传播的数据。
Quantifying distributions, home ranges, and individual movements for wildlife species is crucial for understanding their ecology and is important for conservation. This has become especially urgent for bat species affected by white-nose syndrome, a new disease of hibernating bats associated with the fungus Geomyces destructans. We studied within- and between-season movements of individual little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) throughout a 337,540-km(2) study area in Manitoba and northwestern Ontario, Canada. Our objectives were to quantify proportions of male and female bats that relocated from hibernacula and/or summer roosts between years, proportions of males and females captured at swarms that hibernated at those sites versus other hibernacula, and distances traveled by males and females during relocation events. We predicted that bats would exhibit male-biased dispersal, with males significantly more likely to relocate and more likely to travel long distances during relocation events. Between 1989 and 2010, we recaptured 1,459 of 10,432 banded individuals. Seasonal movements from hibernacula and/or swarms to summer colonies ranged widely from 10 to 647 km. Consistent with previous studies we found high fidelity to summer colonies and hibernacula across years. However, some individuals switched sites between years and the median relocation distance was 315 km, with over 20% of individual movements exceeding 500 km. Surprisingly, we found that females were significantly more likely to relocate than males. Our data could help explain apparent jumps in the distribution of G. destructans, but more data on transmission of the fungus in the wild are needed.