[A correspondence behavioral approach for 6 lifestyle's improvements in a workplace].
[A correspondence behavioral approach for 6 lifestyle's improvements in a workplace].
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[改善工作场所六种生活方式的对应行为方法]。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Y. Adachi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Koko Kunitsuka;K. Yamatsu;Y. Adachi
目标
本研究的目的是检验旨在改善生活方式的介导最低限度行为干预的效果，包括体力活动、健康饮食、适当饮酒、戒烟或减少吸烟、牙科护理、放松、应对压力。该计划中使用的行为策略是对这 6 个日常习惯进行自我检查，为行为改变设定目标并进行自我监控。该计划运行了一个月，通过申请格式的解释和干预后提供的奖励，为参与者掌握自我控制的行为技巧提供支持。
方法
参与者为 435 名办公室职员，其中男性 255 名（平均年龄：46.6 岁）和女性 180 名（平均年龄：34.4 岁）。一名医疗保健提供者负责对所有参与者进行全面干预。每个人都可以从申请表上的 10-12 个行为改变的实际示例中选择 6 个习惯和 3 个目标行为之一。他们收到了一份监测表和一本关于他们所选择的习惯的简短教育小册子。接下来，他们在一个月内每天监控并记录他们的目标行为。主要结果指标是干预期结束时及其后 6 个月时的行为变化。
结果
结果显示，施用率（7.8%）和记录性能比（80%）的合规性很高。总共 18 项具体行为特征的所有习惯均显着改善：例如每天步行 (P < .01)、爬楼梯 (P < .01)、蔬菜摄入量 (P < .01)、进食速度 (P < .05)、饮酒频率 (P < .01)、在家以外的饮酒频率 (P < .05)、每天吸烟 (P < .01)、通过肺部呼吸香烟烟雾 (P < .01) .01)、刷牙频率 (P < .01)、刷牙频率 (P < .01)、总体睡眠时间 (P < .01) 和洗澡舒适度 (P < .01)。 6 个月后，2072 名受试者 (62.5%) 完成了问卷调查。比较前、后、后续问卷调查，结果显示 17 种具体行为特征在研究期间得到了改善。
结论
由于有吸引力的申请格式、信件和奖励，干预措施似乎促进并加强了开始和实践改进的行为。因此，得出的结论是，对应行为干预具有成本效益，并且对于改变普通人群的生活方式很有用。
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this research was to examine the effect of a mediated minimal behavioral intervention aimed at lifestyle improvement in with reference to physical activity, healthy diet, appropriate alcohol consumption, quitting or decreasing smoking, dental care, and relaxation, coping with stress. Behavioral strategies used in this program were self-checks for these 6 daily habits, with goal setting for behavioral changes, and self-monitoring. The program ran for one month and support was provided for the participants to master behavioral techniques of self-control by explanation in the application format and rewards which were presented post intervention.
METHODS
The participants were 435 office workers, 255 males (mean age: 46.6 years) and 180 females (mean age: 34.4 years). One healthcare provider managed the total intervention for all participants. Each selected optionally one of the 6 habits and 3 target behaviors from 10-12 realistic examples of behavior change on an application form. They received a monitoring sheet and a brief educational pamphlet for their selected habits. Next, they monitored and recorded their target behavior every day for one month. The primary outcome measures were behavior changes at the end of the intervention period and at 6 months thereafter.
RESULTS
The results showed high compliance of application rates (7.8%) and record's performance ratios (80%). All habits improved significantly for a total of 18 concrete behavior traits: for example daily walking (P < .01), using stairs (P < .01), vegetable intake (P < .01), eating speed (P < .05), alcohol drinking frequency (P < .01), drinking frequency except at home (P < .05), cigarettes per day (P < .01), breathing cigarette smoke by the lungs (P < .01), teeth brushing frequency (P < .01), gum brushing frequency (P < .01), overall sleep time (P < .01), and taking a bath comfortably (P < .01). Two hundred and 72 (62.5%) subjects completed questionnaires after 6 months. Comparing pre, post, follow-up questionnaire, results 17 concrete behavior traits improved over the period studied.
CONCLUSION
The intervention appeared to prompt and reinforce starting and practicing improved behavior because of the attractive application format, letter and rewards. Therefore, it was concluded that correspondence behavioral intervention is cost-effective and useful for lifestyle modification in the general population.