Muscle fiber types and function.
Muscle fiber types and function.
复制标题
肌纤维的类型和功能。
DOI：
10.1097/00002281-199305060-00002
复制
发表时间：
1993
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Edgerton,VR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Talmadge,RJ;Roy,RR;Edgerton,VR
：在这篇综述中，我们讨论了与哺乳动物骨骼肌纤维的生理、生化和形态特性异质性相关的当前概念和最新实验结果。最近的数据强化了其中一些当前概念，同时对其他概念提出了质疑。纤维类型概念的生化基础不断发展，特别是在大多数哺乳动物骨骼肌纤维中表达的肌球蛋白轻链和重链的组合方面。此外，越来越清楚的是，特定的肌球蛋白亚型与收缩功能有关。然而，尚不清楚的是功能特性连续体的基础，例如最大缩短速度，而不是这些特性的明显增量，如仅根据肌球蛋白亚型所预测的那样。显然，除了肌球蛋白之外，还有其他一些因素在定义纤维的特性方面发挥着作用，并且对其中一些其他因素进行了讨论。本综述讨论的第二个一般问题是骨骼肌纤维之间异质性的控制来源。数据表明，这种异质性不仅仅是运动神经元激活模式的函数。看来，在没有神经肌肉活动的情况下，运动神经元实际上可以维持纤维的所有类型相关特征。尽管运动神经元可以影响肌肉蛋白的表达，但同样清楚的是，生肌因子和激素因子具有重要的调节作用。实际上，肌纤维类型反映了蛋白质表达的多个控制来源的复杂相互作用，并且控制的净效应最终决定了其功能特性。
: In this review, we address current concepts and recent experimental results that relate to heterogeneity in the physiologic, biochemical, and morphologic properties of mammalian skeletal muscle fibers. Recent data reinforce some of these current concepts while questioning others. The biochemical bases of the concepts of fiber types continue to evolve, particularly in reference to the combinations of the myosin light and heavy chains that are expressed in most mammalian skeletal muscle fibers. Further, it is becoming increasingly clear that specific myosin isoforms relate to contractile function. What remains unclear, however, are the bases for a continuum in functional properties, eg, the maximum velocity of shortening, rather than distinct increments in these properties as might be predicted based on myosin isoforms alone. Clearly, there are factors other than myosin that play a role in defining the characteristics of a fiber, and some of these other factors are discussed. A second general issue addressed in this review is the source of the control of the heterogeneity among fibers of a skeletal muscle. Data are presented that demonstrate that this heterogeneity is not simply a function of the patterns of activation of motoneurons. It appears that the motoneuron can maintain practically all type-related features of fibers in the absence of neuromuscular activity. Although the motoneuron can influence muscle protein expression, it is equally clear that there are myogenic and hormonal factors that have significant regulatory roles. In effect, muscle fiber types reflect a complex interaction of multiple sources of control of protein expression, and the net effect of the control ultimately defines its functional properties.