Iodine and Cancer
Iodine and Cancer
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DOI：
10.1089/105072501300176435
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发表时间：
2001-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Feldt-Rasmussen, U
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Feldt-Rasmussen, U
甲状腺癌是最常见的内分泌恶性肿瘤。在甲状腺癌中，最常见的类型是分化型（滤泡状、乳头状或混合乳头状-滤泡状），而未分化甲状腺癌和甲状腺髓样癌则很少见。动物实验表明，长期缺碘导致甲状腺受促甲状腺激素和其他可能的生长因子影响，甲状腺上皮细胞癌的发病率明显增加。然而，分化型甲状腺癌的总体发病率通常不被认为是受碘摄入量的影响，而甲状腺癌类型的分布似乎与碘摄入量有关，在富碘地区，侵袭性更强的滤泡癌和未分化癌较少，乳头状癌较多。开始碘预防的人群显示乳头状癌与滤泡癌的比例增加。由于碘摄入量较高的人群通常甲状腺良性结节较少，甲状腺癌的发病率与碘缺乏地区相似，因此甲状腺结节的诊断检查可能会受到影响。其他癌症的发病率，如乳腺癌，可能会受到碘摄入量的影响，但目前的研究太少。本文总结了流行病学研究、动物实验和基础基因转染研究的数据。碘和癌症之间关系的总体发生率很低，未来的研究是必要的。
Thyroid carcinomas are the most frequent endocrine malignancies. Among thyroid carcinomas the most frequent types are the differentiated forms (follicular, papillary or mixed papillary-follicular), whereas anaplastic thyroid carcinoma and medullary thyroid carcinomas are rare. Animal experiments have demonstrated a clear increase in incidence of thyroid epithelial cell carcinomas after prolonged iodine deficiency leading to a situation of the thyroid gland by thyrotropin and possibly other growth factors. However, the overall incidence of differentiated thyroid carcinoma is generally not considered to be influenced by the iodine intake of a population, whereas the distribution of the types of thyroid carcinoma seems to be related to the intake of iodine, with fewer of the more aggressive follicular and anaplastic carcinomas and more papillary carcinomas in iodine rich areas. Populations starting iodine prophylaxis demonstrate an increase in the ratio of papillary to follicular carcinoma. Because a population with higher iodine intake usually has fewer benign nodules in the thyroid gland and the incidence of thyroid carcinomas is similar to an iodine-deficient region, the diagnostic work-up of nodules in the thyroid gland may become affected. The incidence of other cancers, such as breast cancer, may be influenced by the iodine intake, but too few studies are available at present. The present article summarizes available data from both epidemiological studies, animal experiments, and basic gene transfection studies. The overall incidence for a relationship between iodine and cancer is poor and future studies are warranted.