Public health - Reducing liver cancer - Global control of aflatoxin
Public health - Reducing liver cancer - Global control of aflatoxin
复制标题
DOI：
10.1126/science.286.5449.2453
复制
发表时间：
1999-12-24
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Bolger, PM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Henry, SH;Bosch, FX;Bolger, PM
艾弗是一个重要的公共卫生问题，在1990年全球癌症发病率中排名第五，有427，000人死亡（1）。发展中国家的发病率估计约为发达国家的2至10倍; 76%的病例发生在亚洲（图1）（2）。肝癌有许多危险因素，包括接触B或C型肝炎（HBV或HCV）和黄曲霉毒素（1，（3-6）。最近，一个联合国组织，食品法典委员会，要求进行定量风险评估，以评估在世界贸易中流动的黄曲霉毒素污染的食品所造成的健康风险（4）。这是第一次在国际一级采用这种办法。该评估还讨论了世界范围内不同的B型肝炎人群发病率如何影响这些风险以及评估的国际监管和公共卫生影响。对报告结论及其对影响世界贸易的政策的影响的分析表明，利用科学执行公共政策面临挑战。
L iver cancer is an important public health problem, ranking fifth in frequency of cancers worldwide with 427,000 deaths in 1990 (1). Incidence rates in developing countries are estimated to be approximately 2 to 10 times those in developed countries; 76% of cases are found in Asia (Fig. 1)(2). There are many risk factors for liver cancer, including exposure to hepatitis B or C (HBV or HCV) and to aflatoxins (1,(3–6). Recently, a United Nations organization, the Codex Alimentarius, requested a quantitative risk assessment to evaluate the health risk posed by aflatoxin-contaminated foods moving in world trade (4). This represented the first time such an approach was used at an international level. This assessment also addressed how different worldwide population incidences of hepatitis B affect these risks and the international regulatory and public health implications of the assessment. Analysis of the conclusions of the report and its impact on policies affecting world trade indicate the challenges of using science to implement public policy.