Geographic access to job opportunities and labor-force participation among women and African Americans in the greater Boston metropolitan area
Geographic access to job opportunities and labor-force participation among women and African Americans in the greater Boston metropolitan area
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DOI：
10.2747/0272-3638.18.3.213
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发表时间：
1997-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Cooke, TJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cooke, TJ
空间不匹配假说认为，非洲裔美国人的劳动力参与减少了非洲裔美国人无法获得相对遥远的郊区工作机会。不匹配文献的一个重大局限性是，它没有认识到，一些与性别有关的因素可能与基于种族的限制获得就业机会，调解不匹配的影响。这项探索性研究的目的是调查地理上获得就业机会和劳动力参与之间的关系是如何受到种族和性别的相互作用的影响，在大波士顿都市区使用1990年美国人口普查的5%公共使用微数据样本的数据。但它对白色已婚母亲的劳动力参与有积极影响。这些发现表明，需要继续研究，更精细地分析种族，性别和大都市特征如何交叉，以确定工作和工人如何在大都市劳动力市场中相互匹配。
The spatial-mismatch hypothesis argues that African American labor-force participation is reduced by African Americans' inability to gain access to relatively distant suburban job opportunities. A significant limitation of the mismatch literature is that it has failed to recognize that a number of factors associated with gender may interact with race-based constraints on access to job opportunities to mediate the mismatch effect. The purpose of this exploratory research is to investigate how the relationship between geographic access to job opportunities and labor-force participation is influenced by the interaction of both race and gender in the greater Boston metropolitan area using data from the 5% public Use Microdata Sample of the 1990 U.S. Census The results indicate that proximity to intra-metropolitan job opportunities has no effect on African American labor-force participation, but that it has a positive effect on labor-force participation among White married mothers. These findings demonstrate the need for continued research that will more finely analyze how race, gender, and metropolitan characteristics intersect to determine how jobs and workers are matched to each other within a metropolitan labor market.