Microsurgery robots: addressing the needs of high-precision surgical interventions
Microsurgery robots: addressing the needs of high-precision surgical interventions
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DOI：
10.4414/smw.2016.14375
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发表时间：
2016-10-26
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Cingolani, Roberto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mattos, Leonardo S.;Caldwell, Darwin G.;Cingolani, Roberto
机器人技术在提高医疗保健系统的整体能力和效率方面具有巨大的潜力。机器人可以帮助外科医生进行更高质量的手术，从而减少患者的住院时间以及手术对他们术后生活质量的影响。特别是，机器人技术可以对显微手术产生重大影响，这对手术工具的超人精度和控制提出了严格的要求。事实上，随着新技术逐步使疾病的早期检测、诊断和治疗成为可能，显微外科有望在越来越多的外科专业中发挥重要作用。在这种情况下，机器人显微手术将成为未来手术干预的关键组成部分之一，并将成为应对重大手术挑战的重要技术。尽管如此，在显微手术机器人能够在手术室中充分发挥其潜力之前，在机电一体化、感知和外科医生-机器人接口方面还需要克服一些问题。这一方向的研究进展迅速，显微外科机器人原型在重建整形外科、眼科、耳科和喉科等具有挑战性的应用中逐渐显示出显著的临床效益。这些令人放心的结果为高精度手术干预的光明未来提供了信心。
Robotics has a significant potential to enhance the overall capacity and efficiency of healthcare systems. Robots can help surgeons perform better quality operations, leading to reductions in the hospitalisation time of patients and in the impact of surgery on their postoperative quality of life. In particular, robotics can have a significant impact on microsurgery, which presents stringent requirements for superhuman precision and control of the surgical tools. Microsurgery is, in fact, expected to gain importance in a growing range of surgical specialties as novel technologies progressively enable the detection, diagnosis and treatment of diseases at earlier stages. Within such scenarios, robotic microsurgery emerges as one of the key components of future surgical interventions, and will be a vital technology for addressing major surgical challenges. Nonetheless, several issues have yet to be overcome in terms of mechatronics, perception and surgeon-robot interfaces before microsurgical robots can achieve their full potential in operating rooms. Research in this direction is progressing quickly and microsurgery robot prototypes are gradually demonstrating significant clinical benefits in challenging applications such as reconstructive plastic surgery, ophthalmology, otology and laryngology. These are reassuring results offering confidence in a brighter future for high-precision surgical interventions.