Soundscape diversity in the Great Barrier Reef: Lizard Island, a case study
Soundscape diversity in the Great Barrier Reef: Lizard Island, a case study
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大堡礁的声景多样性：蜥蜴岛，案例研究
DOI：
10.1080/09524622.2017.1344930
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Miles J. G. Parsons
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. McWilliam;R. McCauley;C. Erbe;Miles J. G. Parsons
被动声学监测可以提供有关珊瑚礁的宝贵信息，研究这些生态系统的声学属性有可能提供对其状态和条件的深入了解。从2014年到2016年，在澳大利亚大堡礁蜥蜴岛附近的现场拍摄了一系列水下录音。六个单独的鱼合唱被识别出来，每个合唱都表现出不同的声学特征。同乐声呈昼夜活动，一些野外地点的同乐声多样性和水平始终高于其他地点，这表明特定地点是多刺鱼类的重要聚集区。在活动高峰期，合唱是珊瑚礁声景的重要组成部分，在450-650 Hz频段内，合唱的接收电平达到120 dB / 1μPa rms以上，相当于比环境噪声水平约80 dB / 1μPa rms增加40 dB。在检测到的六种合唱中，有三种合唱的光谱和时间特征与之前在这些地点和其他地方记录的合唱相似，这些合唱是由浮游生物鱼类产生的。其中三个合唱似乎没有记录，可能包含有关重要鱼类的存在、丰度和分布模式的信息，可能具有潜在的长期管理应用。未来的研究应侧重于提取与生物声学活动相关的时间模式，并确定生物合唱的潜在环境驱动因素。此外，开发适当的直接识别发声物种的技术将大大提高被动声学监测的管理适用性。
Abstract Passive acoustic monitoring can provide valuable information on coral reefs, and examining the acoustic attributes of these ecosystems has the potential to provide an insight into their status and condition. From 2014 to 2016, a series of underwater recordings were taken at field sites around Lizard Island in the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Six individual fish choruses were identified where each chorus displayed distinct acoustic characteristics. Choruses exhibited diurnal activity and some field sites displayed consistently higher diversity of choruses and levels than others, suggesting that particular locations are important aggregation areas for soniferous fish species. During peak activity, choruses were a prominent component of reef soundscapes, where received levels of a chorus reached upwards of 120 dB re 1μPa rms over the 450–650 Hz band, equating to a 40 dB increase above ambient noise levels of ≈80 dB re 1μPa rms. Three out of the six detected choruses exhibited spectral and temporal characteristics similar to choruses previously documented at these sites and elsewhere, produced by planktivorous fish species. Three of these choruses appear to be undocumented and could hold information on the presence, abundance and dispersal patterns of important fish species, which may have potential long-term management applications. Future research should focus on extricating the temporal patterns associated with bioacoustic activity and determining the potential environmental drivers of biological choruses. Additionally, developing appropriate techniques for direct identification of vocalizing species would strongly increase the management applicability of passive acoustic monitoring.