Evaluation of efficacy of Interceptor® G2, a long-lasting insecticide net coated with a mixture of chlorfenapyr and alpha-cypermethrin, against pyrethroid resistant Anopheles gambiae s.l. in Burkina Faso
Evaluation of efficacy of Interceptor® G2, a long-lasting insecticide net coated with a mixture of chlorfenapyr and alpha-cypermethrin, against pyrethroid resistant Anopheles gambiae s.l. in Burkina Faso
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DOI：
10.1186/s12936-017-1846-4
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发表时间：
2017-05-08
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Diabate, Abdoulaye
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bayili, Koama;N'do, Severin;Diabate, Abdoulaye
背景：在整个撒哈拉以南非洲，疟疾病媒对许多目前使用的杀虫剂产生了广泛的耐药性。因此，迫切需要制定替代战略，包括开发新的杀虫剂，以有效管理杀虫剂耐药性。为了保持防治疟疾的进展，有必要确定蚊帐的其他残留杀虫剂。本研究对吡咯类杀虫剂氯虫腈与高效氯氰菊酯混用在长效蚊帐上对冈比亚按蚊的杀灭效果进行了评价。方法：用氯虫腈和高效氯氰菊酯混用蚊帐，对蚊帐的蚊虫杀灭效果进行了试验。清洗（20次）和未清洗的每种处理过的蚊帐，并根据世卫组织的指导方针进行了测试。用吸血抑制率、阻吓性、诱导性和致病性来表达蚊帐的效果。评价是按照世卫组织卫生活动框架第二期指南在布基纳法索（西非）的7号谷（VK7）的实验小屋进行的。此外，还进行了世卫组织健康状况调查的一期评价。结果：混合蚊帐杀蚊率显著高于纯高效氯氰菊酯蚊帐、未洗蚊帐和水洗蚊帐，P < 0.05。按比例计算，混合蚊帐的死亡率分别为78%和76%，而单用高效氯氰菊酯的死亡率仅为17%和10%。分别冈比亚按蚊。对照物净率与氯虫腈200 mg/m(2)未水洗净率（86%）差异不显著（P < 0.05）。用混合物处理过的洗过的和没洗过的蚊帐都能防止蚊虫叮咬。冈比亚咬了34%和44%。相比之下，经洗净和未洗净的高效氯氰菊酯处理过的蚊帐的个人防护率分别为14%和24%，而氯虫腈单独处理过的蚊帐的个人防护率较低（22%）。结论：在所有试验蚊帐中，氯虫腈和高效氯氰菊酯联合使用的蚊帐在第二期清洗20次后具有较好的死亡率。结果表明，该组合可作为一种潜在的杀虫剂抗性管理工具，在受拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂抗性传播影响的地区预防疟疾传播。
Background: Malaria vectors have acquired widespread resistance throughout sub-Saharan Africa to many of the currently used insecticides. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop alternative strategies including the development of new insecticides for effective management of insecticide resistance. To maintain progress against malaria, it is necessary to identify other residual insecticides for mosquito nets. In the present WHOPES phase II analogue study, the utility of chlorfenapyr, a pyrrole class insecticide mixed with alpha-cypermethrin on a long-lasting mosquito bed net was evaluated against Anopheles gambiae s.l.Methods: Bed nets treated with chlorfenapyr and alpha-cypermethrin and mixture of both compounds were tested for their efficacy on mosquitoes. Washed (20 times) and unwashed of each type of treated nets and were tested according to WHOPES guidelines. Efficacy of nets were expressed in terms of blood-feeding inhibition rate, deterrence, induced exophily and mortality rate. The evaluation was conducted in experimental huts of Vallee du Kou seven (VK7) in Burkina Faso (West Africa) following WHOPES phase II guidelines. In addition, a WHOPES phase I evaluation was also performed.Results: Mixture treated nets killed significantly (P < 0.05) more mosquitoes than solo alpha-cypermethrin nets, unwashed and washed. Proportionally, this equated to mortalities of 78 and 76% (for mixture nets) compared to only 17 and 10% (for solo alpha-cypermethrin) to An. gambiae, respectively. In contrast mixture net proportions were not significantly (P > 0.05) different from nets treated with chlorfenapyr 200 mg/m(2) unwashed (86%). The washed and unwashed nets treated with the mixtures resulted in personal protection against An. gambiae s.l. biting 34 and 44%. In contrast the personal protection observed for washed and unwashed alpha-cypermethrin treated nets generated (14 and 24%), and chlorfenapyr solo treated net was rather low (22%).Conclusion: Among all nets trialled, the combination of chlorfenapyr and alpha-cypermethrin on bed nets provided better mortality in phase II after 20 washes. Results suggest that this combination could be a potential insecticide resistance management tool for preventing malaria transmission in areas compromised by the spread of pyrethroid resistance.