Major dietary patterns and their relationship to obesity among urbanized adult Tibetan pastoralists
Major dietary patterns and their relationship to obesity among urbanized adult Tibetan pastoralists
复制标题
城市化成年藏族牧民的主要饮食模式及其与肥胖的关系。
DOI：
10.6133/apjcn.201909_28(3).0010
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发表时间：
2019-09-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Chen, Hongru
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Peng, Wen;Liu, Yongnian;Chen, Hongru
背景和目的：本研究调查了都市化西藏牧民的主要饮食模式及其与肥胖的关系。方法和研究设计：本研究采用横断面设计，对782名18-84岁的都市化藏族牧民进行了调查，并于2018年进行了食物频率问卷调查和人体测量。主成分分析用于识别膳食模式。在控制了性别、年龄、教育程度、医疗保险、吸烟状况、饮酒和体力活动后，采用Logistic回归方法比较了超重(BMI和Gt；=24 kg/m(2))、肥胖(BMI=28 kg/m(2))和中心性肥胖(女性腰围=80 cm，男性=85 cm)的风险。结果：本研究确定了三种主要的饮食模式：以蔬菜、块茎/根茎和精制碳水化合物的高摄入量为特征的城市模式；以含糖饮料、零食和甜点为特征的西式模式；以tsamba(西藏烤大麦)、西藏奶酪和奶油/奶茶为特征的田园模式。与控制混杂因素的城市模式得分最低的五分位数的受试者相比，城市模式得分最高的五分位数的受试者更有可能超重(OR=2.58，95%CI1.48-4.49)(p-for-趋势=0.001)、肥胖(2.94，1.57-5.49)(p-for-趋势=0.001)和中心肥胖(1.94，1.12-3.36)(p-for-趋势=0.019)。西方饮食模式与超重呈正相关(P-for-Trend=0.037)。没有观察到与田园饮食模式有明显的联系。结论：城市和西方的饮食模式独立预测超重的可能性。改进的营养教育可能有助于更健康的饮食行为，从而减少或预防肥胖。
Background and Objectives: This study investigated major dietary patterns and their relationship to obesity among urbanized Tibetan pastoralists. Methods and Study Design: Using a cross-sectional design, this study assessed 782 urbanized Tibetan pastoralists aged 18-84 y. A food frequency questionnaire and anthropometric measurements were conducted in 2018. Principal component analysis was used to identify dietary patterns. Logistic regression was applied to compare the risks for overweight (BMI >= 24 kg/m(2)), obesity (BMI = 28 kg/m(2)), and central obesity (waist circumference >= 80 cm for women and >= 85 cm for men) across quintiles of dietary pattern scores after controlling for gender, age, education, medical insurance, smoking status, alcohol consumption and physical activity. Results: This study identified three major dietary patterns: an urban pattern characterized by high intake of vegetables, tubers/roots, and refined carbohydrates; a western pattern characterized by sugary drinks, snacks, and desserts; and a pastoral pattern characterized by tsamba (roasted Tibetan barley), Tibetan cheese, and buttered/milk tea. Subjects in the highest quintile of urban pattern scores were more likely to be overweight (OR= 2.58, 95% CI 1.48-4.49) (p-for-trend=0.001), obese (2.94, 1.57-5.49) (p-for-trend=0.001), and centrally obese (1.94, 1.12-3.36) (p-for-trend=0.019) compared to those in the lowest quintile with confounders controlled. The western dietary pattern was positively associated with overweight (p-for-trend=0.037). No clear association was observed for the pastoral dietary pattern. Conclusions: Urban and western dietary patterns independently predict the likelihood of being overweight. Improved nutrition education may contribute to healthier eating behaviors, thus reducing or preventing obesity.