Fungal Viral Mutualism Moderated by Ploidy
Fungal Viral Mutualism Moderated by Ploidy
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1558-5646.2008.00443.x
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发表时间：
2008-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Robert G McBride;D. Greig;M. Travisano
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Robert G McBride;D. Greig;M. Travisano
摘要内共生体与宿主之间存在着固有的模糊关系，因为共生体通常依赖宿主提供庇护、营养和繁殖。内共生体可以通过两种不同的策略获得这些需求：利用和合作。寄生虫利用宿主来促进自己的繁殖，代价是宿主的适应性。与此相反，互利主义者通过增加宿主适合度来增加其生殖输出。寄生和互惠之间的区别往往不是离散的，而是取决于相互作用发生的环境，并且可以沿着一个连续的尺度从寄生转变为互惠。在这一连续体的任何沿着点的成本效益动态都特别重要，因为它们确定了相互作用持续或中断的可能性。在这里，我们展示了如何酵母酿酒酵母和内共生杀手病毒之间的相互作用是强烈依赖于宿主倍性和环境pH值。此外，我们阐明倍性依赖的相互作用的机制。在短期内了解这些动态是了解遗传和环境因素如何影响社区多样性的关键。
Abstract Endosymbionts and their hosts have inherently ambiguous relationships as symbionts typically depend upon their hosts for shelter, nutrition, and reproduction. Endosymbionts can acquire these needs by two alternative strategies: exploitation and cooperation. Parasites exploit hosts to advance their own reproduction at the cost of host fitness. In contrast, mutualists increase their reproductive output by increasing host fitness. Very often the distinction between parasites and mutualists is not discrete but rather contingent on the environment in which the interaction occurs, and can shift along a continuous scale from parasitism to mutualism. The cost benefit dynamics at any point along this continuum are of particular interest as they establish the likelihood of an interaction persisting or breaking down. Here we show how the interaction between the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and an endosymbiotic killer virus is strongly dependent on both host ploidy and environmental pH. Additionally we elucidate the mechanisms underlying the ploidy-dependent interaction. Understanding these dynamics in the short-term is key to understanding how genetic and environmental factors impact community diversity.