Occurrence and spatial distribution of organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers in the Bohai, Yellow and East China seas
Occurrence and spatial distribution of organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers in the Bohai, Yellow and East China seas
复制标题
渤海、黄海和东海有机磷阻燃剂和增塑剂的赋存与空间分布
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140434
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Huifeng Wu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mingyu Zhong;Jianhui Tang;Xinyu Guo;Chao Guo;Fei Li;Huifeng Wu
有机磷酸酯（OPEs）是一种人造有机污染物，用于阻燃剂（FR）、增塑剂、消泡剂和水硬性剂以及萃取剂。中国对阻燃剂的需求不断增加，从而迅速增加了OPEs的使用，并因此导致其在环境中的高水平。本研究测定了渤海、黄海和东海海水中7种OPE同系物的浓度。分析了OPE污染的水平和垂直空间分布特征。三个海洋中七种OPE同系物的总浓度范围为7.31至100纳克/升。主要的OPE化合物是三-（1-氯-2-丙基）磷酸酯（TCPP，3.97-35.6 ng L−1）、三-（2-氯乙基）磷酸酯（TCEP，0.59-19.8 ng L−1）和三苯基氧化膦（TPPO，从低于检测限到43.5 ng L−1）。BS、YS和ECS中的COOPEs库存估计分别为54.2、513和3950吨。水平方向上，BS-OPE浓度排序为BS > YS > ECS。在垂直方向上，表层水的OPE浓度高于底层水。海流和河流输入可能是影响这些海域中OPEs分布的主要因素。此外，在YS中观察到OPEs的季节性变化（2015年夏季与2016年冬季），这可能是由于人为影响以及水文，气象和生物因素。
Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are man-made organic pollutants that are used in flame retardants (FRs), plasticizers, antifoaming and hydraulic agents, and extractants. The demand for FRs in China has increased, thereby rapidly increasing the use of OPEs and hence resulted in its high levels in the environment. In this study, we measured the concentrations of seven OPE congeners in the seawaters of the Bohai Sea (BS), the Yellow Sea (YS), and the East China Sea (ECS). The horizontal and vertical spatial distributions were then analyzed to assess the OPE pollution. The total concentrations of the seven OPE congeners (ΣOPEs) in the three seas ranged from 7.31 to 100 ng L−1. The main OPE compounds were tris-(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP, 3.97–35.6 ng L−1), tris-(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP, 0.59–19.8 ng L−1), and triphenylphosphine oxide (TPPO, from below the detection limit to 43.5 ng L−1). The inventory of the ΣOPEs in the BS, YS, and ECS was estimated as 54.2, 513, and 3950 tons, respectively. Horizontally, the ΣOPE concentration was ranked as BS > YS > ECS. In the vertical direction, the OPE concentrations in the surface water were higher than those in the bottom water. Ocean currents and riverine inputs might be the main factors influencing the distributions of the OPEs in these seas. Moreover, a seasonal variation (summer 2015 versus winter 2016) in the OPEs was observed in the YS, which was probably due to anthropogenic influences and hydrological, meteorological, and biological factors.