Cohort Profile: The National FINRISK Study
Cohort Profile: The National FINRISK Study
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DOI：
10.1093/ije/dyx239
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发表时间：
2018-06-01
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Vartiainen, Erkki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Borodulin, Katja;Tolonen, Hanna;Vartiainen, Erkki
基于人群的国家FINRISK研究（后来的FINRISK研究）于1972年在芬兰启动，以评估北卡累利阿项目，这是一项大型社区非传染性疾病干预措施，主要目标是降低芬兰东部北卡累利阿省极高的心血管疾病死亡率。该项目通过改变行为，针对主要风险因素-高血胆固醇、高血压和高吸烟率。干预集中在几个关键点：吸烟行为和饮食，特别是饱和脂肪酸、纤维和盐（氯化钠）的摄入量。1972年和1977年对预防活动进行了科学评价。1，2评价包括在北卡累利阿干预区和邻近的库奥皮奥省（后来称为北方萨沃区）作为对照区进行基于调查的风险因素监测。该项目非常成功，风险因素水平以及冠心病发病率和死亡率显著下降。3-6例如，在工作年龄中，1972-2012年期间，北卡累利阿男性的总胆固醇水平从6.77 mmol/L降至5.44 mmol/L，男性冠心病死亡率下降了82%（从每10万人643人降至118人），女性下降了84%（从每10万人114人降至17人）。北卡累利阿项目的人口调查构成了FINRISK研究的起点，该研究一直持续到今天。自1976年以来，干预方案的目标，即通过不吸烟和心脏健康饮食降低风险因素水平，已从北卡累利阿扩大到全国。7 FINRISK调查被用于监测非传染性疾病风险因素、健康行为及其在人口中的变化。8 FINRISK研究的目标现在更广泛地包括主要的非传染性疾病，而不仅仅是心血管疾病。这些研究结果已被广泛用于芬兰的卫生政策制定和评估。FINRISK研究由芬兰国家卫生和福利研究所（THL，前身为国家公共卫生研究所，KTL）协调。
The population-based National FINRISK Study (later FINRISK Study) was initiated in 1972 in Finland to carry out the evaluation of the North Karelia Project, a large community-based non-communicable disease intervention, having the main objective to decrease the very high cardiovascular disease mortality in the province of North Karelia, Eastern Finland. The project targeted major risk factors—high blood cholesterol, high blood pressure and high smoking prevalence—by behavioural change. The intervention concentrated on a few critical points: smoking behaviour and diet, especially intakes of saturated fatty acids, fibre and salt (sodium chloride). A scientific evaluation of the prevention activities was implemented in 1972 and 1977. 1, 2 The evaluation comprised survey-based risk factor monitoring in the intervention area of North Karelia and in the neighbouring Kuopio province (later called region of Northern Savo) that served as the control area. The project was highly successful, with marked decline in risk factor levels and coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality. 3–6 For example, among the working aged, total cholesterol levels declined from 6.77 mmol/L to 5.44 mmol/L during 1972–2012 in North Karelian men, and coronary heart disease mortality decreased by 82%(from 643 to 118 per 100 000) among men and by 84%(from 114 to 17 per 100 000) among women. The population surveys of the North Karelia Project formed the starting point for the FINRISK Study, a cohort study that has continued until today. The aims of the intervention programme, ie to reduce risk factor levels through nonsmoking and heart healthy diet, have been expanded from North Karelia to the entire nation since 1976. 7 The FINRISK surveys have been used to monitor noncommunicable disease risk factors, health behaviour and their changes in the population. 8 The aims of the FINRISK Study nowadays include more broadly the major noncommunicable diseases, not just cardiovascular diseases. These findings have been used widely in health policy development and evaluation in Finland. The FINRISK Study is coordinated by the National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL, formerly the National Public Health Institute, KTL) in Finland.