The evolution of novelty in conserved genes; evidence of positive selection in the Drosophila fruitless gene is localised to alternatively spliced exons.
The evolution of novelty in conserved genes; evidence of positive selection in the Drosophila fruitless gene is localised to alternatively spliced exons.
复制标题
保守基因的新颖性的进化；
DOI：
10.1038/hdy.2013.106
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Parker DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Parker DJ
关于顺式调节或编码变化是否更有可能产生基因功能的进化创新或适应，存在很多争论，但另一个复杂的问题是，一些基因可以通过选择性剪接显着分化，增加基因座内基因功能的多样性。fruitless基因是一个主要的转录因子，具有广泛的多效性功能，包括在性别分化、物种特异性形态和对雄性性行为的重要影响中的基本保守作用。在这里，我们研究了果蝇的多个物种中的fruitless的结构，并确定了整个编码区的选择性约束作用的模式。我们发现，模式的选择，估计从非同义的同义取代的比例，在整个基因的变化很大，与大多数地区的基因进化保守，但与几个地区显示的证据，作为积极的选择结果的分歧。显示正选择证据的区域被发现定位于多个物种形成事件中相对一致的区域，并且与选择性剪接相关。因此，选择性剪接可能为关键调控位点的基因多样化提供途径。
There has been much debate concerning whether cis-regulatory or coding changes are more likely to produce evolutionary innovation or adaptation in gene function, but an additional complication is that some genes can dramatically diverge through alternative splicing, increasing the diversity of gene function within a locus. The fruitless gene is a major transcription factor with a wide range of pleiotropic functions, including a fundamental conserved role in sexual differentiation, species-specific morphology and an important influence on male sexual behaviour. Here, we examine the structure of fruitless in multiple species of Drosophila, and determine the patterns of selective constraint acting across the coding region. We found that the pattern of selection, estimated from the ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous substitutions, varied considerably across the gene, with most regions of the gene evolutionarily conserved but with several regions showing evidence of divergence as a result of positive selection. The regions that showed evidence of positive selection were found to be localised to relatively consistent regions across multiple speciation events, and are associated with alternative splicing. Alternative splicing may thus provide a route to gene diversification in key regulatory loci.