Donkey genomes provide new insights into domestication and selection for coat color.
Donkey genomes provide new insights into domestication and selection for coat color.
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驴基因组为驯化和毛色选择提供了新见解
DOI：
10.1038/s41467-020-19813-7
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发表时间：
2020-12-08
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Zhong J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wang C;Li H;Guo Y;Huang J;Sun Y;Min J;Wang J;Fang X;Zhao Z;Wang S;Zhang Y;Liu Q;Jiang Q;Wang X;Guo Y;Yang C;Wang Y;Tian F;Zhuang G;Fan Y;Gao Q;Li Y;Ju Z;Li J;Li R;Hou M;Yang G;Liu G;Liu W;Guo J;Pan S;Fan G;Zhang W;Zhang R;Yu J;Zhang X;Yin Q;Ji C;Jin Y;Yue G;Liu M;Xu J;Liu S;Jordana J;Noce A;Amills M;Wu DD;Li S;Zhou X;Zhong J
由于缺乏考古学和全基因组多样性数据，目前关于驴进化历史的知识仍然是不完整的。为了填补这一空白，我们重新组装了一个雄性德州驴的染色体水平参考基因组，并分析了126个家驴和7个野驴的基因组。种群基因组学分析表明，驴是在非洲驯化的，并最终显示Y染色体变异水平降低，父系和母系历史不一致，可能反映了生殖管理的后果。我们还研究了毛色的遗传基础。虽然野驴显示出稀释的灰色色素沉着（Dun表型），但家驴显示出可能在驯化过程中建立的非稀释的黑色或栗色毛色（非Dun）。在这里，我们表明，non-Dun表型是由TBX 3基因下游的1 bp缺失引起的，这降低了该基因的表达及其对色素沉积的抑制作用。
Current knowledge about the evolutionary history of donkeys is still incomplete due to the lack of archeological and whole-genome diversity data. To fill this gap, we have de novo assembled a chromosome-level reference genome of one male Dezhou donkey and analyzed the genomes of 126 domestic donkeys and seven wild asses. Population genomics analyses indicate that donkeys were domesticated in Africa and conclusively show reduced levels of Y chromosome variability and discordant paternal and maternal histories, possibly reflecting the consequences of reproductive management. We also investigate the genetic basis of coat color. While wild asses show diluted gray pigmentation (Dun phenotype), domestic donkeys display non-diluted black or chestnut coat colors (non-Dun) that were probably established during domestication. Here, we show that the non-Dun phenotype is caused by a 1 bp deletion downstream of theTBX3gene, which decreases the expression of this gene and its inhibitory effect on pigment deposition.