On the Creation of Risk: Framing of Microplastics Risks in Science and Media
On the Creation of Risk: Framing of Microplastics Risks in Science and Media
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关于风险的创造：科学和媒体中微塑料风险的框架
DOI：
10.1002/gch2.201900010
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
M. Wagner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carolin Völker;Johanna Kramm;M. Wagner
公众对塑料污染感到担忧，但没有明确的科学证据证明微塑料的环境风险。这种不完整的科学知识和公众风险认知之间的对比是一个有趣的案例，研究“环境风险”是如何在科学传播转化。本研究分别探讨了同行评审出版物和在线报纸文章中如何构建微塑料风险。并分析了科学和媒体使用的框架所传达的内容是否一致。结果显示，大多数科学研究（67%）将微塑料风险视为假设或不确定的，而24%的研究将其视为确定的。相比之下，大多数报道微塑料影响的媒体文章（93%）暗示微塑料的风险存在，并且极有可能产生有害后果。创造简单的叙述（记者）和强调潜在的负面影响（科学家）助长了这种不一致。不确定性风险转化为实际风险还由两个不一致的风险概念引起，即风险是负面结果的概率（环境科学家）或负面结果本身的不确定性（公众）。虽然后者不同于通过科学方法“客观”识别的风险，但它有助于了解公众和决策者的风险认知。
The public is concerned about plastic pollution, while clear‐cut scientific evidence for an environmental risk of microplastics is absent. This contrast between incomplete scientific knowledge and public risk perception is an interesting case for investigating how “environmental risk” is transformed in science communication. This study examines how microplastics risks are framed in peer‐reviewed publications and online newspaper articles, respectively. It also analyzes if the contents conveyed by the frames used in science and the media are consistent. The results show that most scientific studies (67%) frame microplastics risks as hypothetical or uncertain, while 24% present them as established. In contrast, most media articles reporting on microplastic impacts (93%) imply that risks of microplastics exist and harmful consequences are highly probable. The creation of simple narratives (journalists) and the emphasis on potentially negative impacts (scientists) contribute to this inconsistency. The transformation of an uncertain risk into an actual risk is further caused by two inconsistent risk conceptions, namely risk being the probability of a negative outcome (environmental scientists) or being the uncertainty of a negative outcome itself (public). Although the latter differs from the risks identified “objectively” by scientific methods, it allows understanding the risk perception of the public and decision‐makers.
媒体内容中的科学不确定性：本期特刊简介
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Peters;Dunwoody;S. (Guest Eds.)
通讯作者：
S. (Guest Eds.)