How to distinguish between referent configuration and internal models hypotheses of motor control?
How to distinguish between referent configuration and internal models hypotheses of motor control?
复制标题
如何区分运动控制的参考配置和内部模型假设？
DOI：
10.1016/j.plrev.2021.02.004
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
11.7
通讯作者：
Prilutsky, Boris I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Prilutsky, Boris I.
在他的综述[1]中，Mark Latash描述了运动控制的指涉配置假设（RC假设），这是平衡点假设[2，3]的广义版本，使用物理方法来研究生物功能。也就是说，他将运动控制和感知中的动作框定为对生物学特定的自然规律--强直性牵张反射的参数（即，强直性牵张反射的肌肉长度阈值）进行主动控制所产生的过程;参见[2]。RC假说为动物多节体的运动控制这一极其复杂的问题提供了一个优雅的解决方案。根据RC假设，神经系统不计算计划运动的众多变量（肌肉力量，关节角度，肢体端点轨迹）;相反，它只是将肢体的平衡（指涉）配置（或改变牵张反射肌肉长度阈值）转移到新位置，并且由于反射诱发的肌肉活动，肢体移动到新配置;例如[4]。RC假设是基于物理学和神经生理学的坚实基础，并且已经能够解释大量的实验证据[1，5，6]。机器人专家也认识到这种多段机械系统运动控制的优点;例如[7]。然而，RC假说仍然没有被普遍认为是运动控制的主要假说。内部模型/最优反馈控制假设[8，9]同样具有影响力。上述假设没有被明确拒绝或支持的事实可以解释为设计严格实验的困难，其中关键参数和
In his review [1], Mark Latash provided a description of the referent configuration hypothesis of motor control (RC-hypothesis), a generalized version of the lambda-model of the equilibrium point hypothesis [2, 3], using a physical approach to biological functions. Namely, he framed the actions in motor control and perception as processes resulting from active control of parameters (ie, muscle length thresholds of tonic stretch reflex) of a biology-specific law of nature–the tonic stretch reflex; see also [2]. The RC-hypothesis offers an elegant solution to the extremely complex problem of movement control of animal multi-segmented bodies. According to the RC-hypothesis, the nervous system does not compute the numerous variables of planned movements (muscle forces, joint angles, limb endpoint trajectory); rather, it simply shifts the equilibrium (referent) configuration of the limb (or changes stretch reflex muscle length thresholds) to a new location, and limb moves to the new configuration due to reflex-evoked muscle activities; eg [4]. The RC-hypothesis is based on solid foundation in physics and neurophysiology and has been able to account for a large body of experimental evidence [1, 5, 6]. Roboticists also have recognized the advantages of this type of movement control of multi-segment mechanical systems; eg [7]. Yet, the RC-hypothesis still is not commonly recognized as the primary hypothesis of motor control. The internal models/optimal feedback control hypothesis [8, 9] has been equally influential. The fact that the above hypotheses have not been unambiguously rejected or supported can be explained by difficulties of designing a rigorous experiment, in which critical parameters and