Adult Neural Stem Cells From the Subventricular Zone: A Review of the Neurosphere Assay
Adult Neural Stem Cells From the Subventricular Zone: A Review of the Neurosphere Assay
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DOI：
10.1002/ar.22746
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发表时间：
2013-09-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Manuel Garcia-Verdugo, Jose
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gil-Perotin, Sara;Duran-Moreno, Maria;Manuel Garcia-Verdugo, Jose
获得大量有可能成为功能性神经元的细胞的可能性意味着再生医学的巨大进步。用于治疗的细胞来源是室下区 (SVZ)，其中成体神经干细胞 (NSC) 保留增殖、自我更新和分化成多种成熟细胞类型的能力。神经球测定是一种分离、维持和扩增这些细胞的方法，已被研究小组广泛用于分析 aNSC 的生物学特性，并将其移植到动物模型中受伤的大脑中。在这篇综述中，我们简要描述了神经球测定及其局限性、优化培养条件的方法、aNSC 衍生神经球的身份和形态（包括新的超微结构数据）。关于神经球内细胞的身份和干性的争议得到了修正。彻底描述神经球的精细形态，可以对神经球中的细胞进行表型表征，并可能揭示间接告知细胞完整性、细胞损伤或致癌转化的细微变化。在这篇综述中，我们主要强调了研究人员在推断结果或将神经球衍生细胞的实验移植应用于临床环境之前必须牢记的关键点。 Anat Rec，296:1435-1452，2013。(c) 2013 Wiley periodicals, Inc.
The possibility of obtaining large numbers of cells with potential to become functional neurons implies a great advance in regenerative medicine. A source of cells for therapy is the subventricular zone (SVZ) where adult neural stem cells (NSCs) retain the ability to proliferate, self-renew, and differentiate into several mature cell types. The neurosphere assay, a method to isolate, maintain, and expand these cells has been extensively utilized by research groups to analyze the biological properties of aNSCs and to graft into injured brains from animal models. In this review we briefly describe the neurosphere assay and its limitations, the methods to optimize culture conditions, the identity and the morphology of aNSC-derived neurospheres (including new ultrastructural data). The controversy regarding the identity and stemness of cells within the neurosphere is revised. The fine morphology of neurospheres, described thoroughly, allows for phenotypical characterization of cells in the neurospheres and may reveal slight changes that indirectly inform about cell integrity, cell damage, or oncogenic transformation. Along this review we largely highlight the critical points that researchers have to keep in mind before extrapolating results or translating experimental transplantation of neurosphere-derived cells to the clinical setting. Anat Rec, 296:1435-1452, 2013. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.