The oversecuritization of global health: changing the terms of debate
The oversecuritization of global health: changing the terms of debate
复制标题
全球卫生的过度安全化：改变辩论的术语
作者：
C. Wenham
在过去二十年中，将健康与安全联系起来已成为处理健康政策问题的主流方法。如此之多，以至于关于全球卫生安全的讨论几乎成为全球卫生的同义词，其含义被认为几乎可以互换。虽然围绕健康安全关系的辩论在从全球到国家到个人的分析层次上各不相同，但本文认为，将健康作为一个安全问题的考虑以及随之而来的路径依赖，已经在三个方面发生了变化。首先，这一概念被扩大到许多健康问题（和其他问题）被视为对健康保障的威胁。第二，卫生安全化已经超越了一种修辞手段，包括安全部门的直接参与。第三，健康安全的表现本身已经成为一种安全威胁。文章认为，这些考虑因素改变了全球卫生安全叙述的职权范围;全球卫生界需要认识到这一转变，并相应地调整其对以安全为重点的政策的使用。
Linking health and security has become a mainstream approach to health policy issues over the past two decades. So much so that the discourse of global health security has become close to synonymous with global health, their meanings being considered almost interchangeable. While the debates surrounding the health–security nexus vary in levels of analysis from the global to the national to the individual, this article argues that the consideration of health as a security issue, and the ensuing path dependencies, have shifted in three ways. First, the concept has been broadened to the extent that a multitude of health issues (and others) are constructed as threats to health security. Second, securitizing health has moved beyond a rhetorical device to include the direct involvement of the security sector. Third, the performance of health security has become a security threat in itself. These considerations, the article argues, alter the remit of the global health security narrative; the global health community needs to recognize this shift and adapt its use of security-focused policies accordingly.