Associations between access to recreational physical activity facilities and body mass index in Scottish adults.
Associations between access to recreational physical activity facilities and body mass index in Scottish adults.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12889-016-3444-8
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发表时间：
2016-08-09
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Ogilvie D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ellaway A;Lamb KE;Ferguson NS;Ogilvie D
这项全国性研究的目的是将个人健康和行为数据与区域层面的空间数据联系起来，以检查成年人的身体质量指数（BMI）是否与通过不同的交通方式（公共汽车、汽车、步行、骑自行车）获得娱乐体育活动（PA）设施有关，以及参与娱乐体育活动介导任何联系的程度。从6365名成年人的全国代表性样本中获得了个人客观测量的BMI、PA(在过去4周内（a)≥20分钟的中度至剧烈PA， (b)≥15分钟的运动或锻炼的天数）和社会人口统计学特征的数据。通过绘制苏格兰大陆所有固定PA设施的代表性清单，获得了每个小区域（数据区）每1,000人可访问的PA设施的数量。在全国范围内开发了一个新的交通网络，并计算了从每个数据区的加权人口质心到每个设施的步行、自行车、汽车和公共汽车路线。在调整了年龄、性别、长期疾病、汽车可得性、社会阶层、饮食质量和城乡分类等因素后，采用了单独的多层次模型来检验BMI与24项PA设施可及性指标和BMI之间的关系。我们发现BMI与24项可达性措施中的7项之间存在关联（p < 0.05），平均BMI随着设施可达性的增加而下降——例如，在步行20分钟内，每增加一个设施，BMI单位估计会下降0.015 （p = 0.02）。这些可及性措施均未发现与PA参与有关。我们的全国性研究表明，通过不同的交通方式（特别是步行和骑自行车）衡量PA设施的可达性与BMI有关；但在这里测量的PA参与似乎并没有在这种关系中发挥作用。了解多因素环境对肥胖的影响是制定有效干预措施以减少肥胖的关键。
The aim of this country-wide study was to link individual health and behavioural data with area-level spatial data to examine whether the body mass index (BMI) of adults was associated with access to recreational physical activity (PA) facilities by different modes of transport (bus, car, walking, cycling) and the extent to which any associations were mediated by PA participation. Data on individual objectively-measured BMI, PA (number of days of (a) ≥20 min of moderate-to-vigorous PA, and (b) ≥15 min of sport or exercise, in previous 4 weeks), and socio-demographic characteristics were obtained from a nationally representative sample of 6365 adults. The number of accessible PA facilities per 1,000 individuals in each small area (data zones) was obtained by mapping a representative list of all fixed PA facilities throughout mainland Scotland. A novel transport network was developed for the whole country, and routes on foot, by bike, by car and by bus from the weighted population centroid of each data zone to each facility were calculated. Separate multilevel models were fitted to examine associations between BMI and each of the 24 measures of accessibility of PA facilities and BMI, adjusting for age, gender, longstanding illness, car availability, social class, dietary quality and urban/rural classification. We found associations (p < 0.05) between BMI and 7 of the 24 accessibility measures, with mean BMI decreasing with increasing accessibility of facilities—for example, an estimated decrease of 0.015 BMI units per additional facility within a 20-min walk (p = 0.02). None of these accessibility measures were found to be associated with PA participation. Our national study has shown that some measures of the accessibility of PA facilities by different modes of transport (particularly by walking and cycling) were associated with BMI; but PA participation, as measured here, did not appear to play a part in this relationship. Understanding the multi-factorial environmental influences upon obesity is key to developing effective interventions to reduce it.