The loss of skeletal muscle strength, mass, and quality in older adults: The health, aging and body composition study
The loss of skeletal muscle strength, mass, and quality in older adults: The health, aging and body composition study
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/gerona/61.10.1059
复制
发表时间：
2006-10-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Newman, Anne B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goodpaster, Bret H.;Park, Seok Won;Newman, Anne B.
背景。肌肉质量的丧失被认为是衰老过程中力量丧失的主要决定因素。然而，大规模的纵向研究在老年人的质量损失和力量之间的关系缺乏。在健康、衰老和身体成分研究中，研究人员对1880名老年人进行了为期三年的肌肉质量和力量变化研究。膝关节伸肌强度采用等速动力学测量。采用双能x线吸收仪和计算机断层扫描评估全身和阑尾的瘦脂量。男性和女性都失去了力量，男性失去的力量几乎是女性的两倍。黑人的体力损失比白人多28%。腿部力量下降的年化率（白人男性3.4%，黑人男性4.1%，白人女性2.6%，黑人女性3.0%）大约是腿部肌肉质量下降率（-1% /年）的三倍。不论是男性还是女性，瘦质量的减少、基线力量的提高、基线腿部瘦质量的降低以及年龄的增大都与力量下降有独立的关系。然而，瘦质量的增加并不伴随着力量的维持或增加（β系数：男性，-0.48 +/- 4.6 1,p = 0.92，女性，-1.68 +/- 3.57,p = 0.64）。虽然肌肉量的减少与老年人力量的下降有关，但这种力量的下降比随之而来的肌肉量的减少要快得多，这表明肌肉质量的下降。此外，维持或增加肌肉质量并不能防止与年龄相关的肌肉力量下降。
Background. The loss of muscle mass is considered to be a major determinant of strength loss in aging. However, large-scale longitudinal studies examining the association between the loss of mass and strength in older adults are lacking.Methods. Three-year changes in muscle mass and strength were determined in 1880 older adults in the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study. Knee extensor strength was measured by isokinetic dynamometry. Whole body and appendicular lean and fat mass were assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography.Results. Both men and women lost strength, with men losing almost twice as much strength as women. Blacks lost about 28% more strength than did whites. Annualized rates of leg strength decline (3.4% in white men, 4.1% in black men, 2.6% in white women, and 3.0% in black women) were about three times greater than the rates of loss of leg lean mass (-1% per year). The loss of lean mass, as well as higher baseline strength, lower baseline leg lean mass, and older age, was independently associated with strength decline in both men and women. However, gain of lean mass was not accompanied by strength maintenance or gain (beta coefficients; men, -0.48 +/- 4.6 1, p = .92, women, -1.68 +/- 3.57, p = .64).Conclusions. Although the loss of muscle mass is associated with the decline in strength in older adults, this strength decline is much more rapid than the concomitant loss of muscle mass, suggesting a decline in muscle quality. Moreover, maintaining or gaining muscle mass does not prevent aging-associated declines in muscle strength.