Identification of successful mentoring communities using network-based analysis of mentor-mentee relationships across Nobel laureates.
Identification of successful mentoring communities using network-based analysis of mentor-mentee relationships across Nobel laureates.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11192-017-2364-4
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Rouchka EC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chariker JH;Zhang Y;Pani JR;Rouchka EC
科学创新和发现的基本技能通常在学术界发展，通常从研究生导师的实验室开始。本文通过对《学术家谱》中博士生与论文导师关系的网络分析，发现诺贝尔奖获得者导师关系的模式是非随机的。诺贝尔奖获得者有更多的诺贝尔奖获得者的祖先，后代，学员/grandmentees，和当地的学术家庭，支持的概念，发生在选择导师和学员的竞争过程。完全由诺贝尔奖获得者组成的子网络跨越了多达四代人。根据社区内诺贝尔奖获得者的数量，确定了一些成功的高水平科学指导社区。世纪后期以剑桥大学为中心，世纪初期以哥伦比亚大学为中心。目前建立基于网络的学术网络的做法，扩大到包括更广泛的学术成功衡量标准，将有助于确定现代成功的科学界，应予以推广。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1007/s11192-017-2364-4）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Skills underlying scientific innovation and discovery generally develop within an academic community, often beginning with a graduate mentor’s laboratory. In this paper, a network analysis of doctoral student-dissertation advisor relationships in The Academic Family Tree indicates the pattern of Nobel laureate mentoring relationships is non-random. Nobel laureates had a greater number of Nobel laureate ancestors, descendants, mentees/grandmentees, and local academic family, supporting the notion that assortative processes occur in the selection of mentors and mentees. Subnetworks composed entirely of Nobel laureates extended across as many as four generations. Several successful mentoring communities in high-level science were identified, as measured by number of Nobel laureates within the community. These communities centered on Cambridge University in the latter nineteenth century and Columbia University in the early twentieth century. The current practice of building web-based academic networks, extended to include a wider variety of measures of academic success, would allow for the identification of modern successful scientific communities and should be promoted. The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11192-017-2364-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.