Rebuttal from Michael B. Reid, Andrew R. Judge and Sue C. Bodine.
Rebuttal from Michael B. Reid, Andrew R. Judge and Sue C. Bodine.
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Michael B. Reid、Andrew R. Judge 和 Sue C. Bodine 的反驳。
DOI：
10.1113/jphysiol.2014.284398
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Bodine,SueC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Reid,MichaelB;Judge,AndrewR;Bodine,SueC
菲利普斯和麦克格雷提出的论点没有考虑到过去5年来该领域的进展。这些新发现为人类和啮齿动物肌肉的废用性萎缩提供了重要信息。他们还质疑我们对手的推理的关键要素。废用性萎缩在很大程度上反映了蛋白质合成的下降，这一论断仅基于人类股外侧肌的数据。最近的研究表明了这种方法的局限性。例如，在石膏固定期间，在股外侧肌可检测到显著萎缩之前至少2周，各种腿部肌肉发生废用性萎缩（Psatha等人，2012），表明股外侧肌的反应相对于其他肌肉延迟。新数据还表明，股外侧肌萎缩是不均匀的，对某些区域的影响大于其他区域（Miokovic等人，2012）。这些混杂的变量排除了在股外侧肌中使用局部测量，实际上是任何单一肌肉，作为废用性萎缩的唯一信息来源。我们的反对者认为将研究限制在人类股外侧肌，因为啮齿动物和人类肌肉之间存在“固有的物种特异性差异”。最近的大量研究再次揭穿了这种误解。与啮齿动物肢体肌肉一样，新数据显示，比目鱼肌、腓肠肌和腓肠肌中的人类I型纤维比人类II型纤维萎缩得更严重。
The arguments put forward by Phillips and McGlory do not take into consideration advances in the field over the past 5 years. These new discoveries have provided critical information on disuse atrophy in both human and rodent muscle. They also call into question key elements of our opponents’ reasoning. The assertion that disuse atrophy largely reflects a decline in protein synthesis is based solely on data from human vastus lateralis muscle. Recent studies demonstrate the limitations of this approach. For example, during cast immobilization, disuse atrophy occurs in a variety of leg muscles at least 2 weeks before significant atrophy is detectable in vastus lateralis (Psatha et al. 2012), suggesting the response of vastus lateralis is delayed relative to other muscles. New data also show that atrophy of vastus lateralis is non-uniform, affecting some regions more than others (Miokovic et al. 2012). Such confounding variables preclude the use of localized measurements in vastus lateralis, indeed any single muscle, as the sole source of information on disuse atrophy.Our opponents argue for limiting research to human vastus lateralis because ‘inherent species-specific differences’ exist between rodent and human muscles. Again, a plethora of recent research has debunked this misconception. As in rodent limb muscle, new data show that human type I fibres undergo greater atrophy than human type II fibres in soleus, gastrocnemius and