Climate Impacts and Potential Drivers of the Unprecedented Antarctic Ozone Holes of 2020 and 2021
Climate Impacts and Potential Drivers of the Unprecedented Antarctic Ozone Holes of 2020 and 2021
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DOI：
10.1029/2022gl098064
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发表时间：
2022-05
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
S. Yook;D. Thompson;S. Solomon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Yook;D. Thompson;S. Solomon
在2020年和2021年的最后几个月，南极出现了有记录以来最大的两个臭氧空洞。尽管臭氧正在恢复，但仍出现了如此大的臭氧空洞，这引发了人们对其来源和气候影响的疑问。在这里，我们提供了新的证据，支持这样的假设，即臭氧空洞受到两个不同和不寻常的事件的影响：2020年初的澳大利亚野火和2021年的La SouFriere喷发。我们进一步揭示，这两个臭氧空洞都与南半球气候的广泛变化有关，这些变化与南极臭氧消耗的既定气候影响是一致的，包括极地平流层涡旋加强，南大洋表面西风增强，以及南极洲和澳大利亚表面温度变化。因此，这些结果提供了提示证据，即向平流层注入野火烟雾和火山排放都可以导致地面气候的半球尺度变化。
The latter months of 2020 and 2021 were marked by two of the largest Antarctic ozone holes on record. That such large ozone holes occurred despite ongoing ozone recovery raises questions about their origins and climate impacts. Here we provide novel evidence that supports the hypothesis that the ozone holes were influenced by two distinct and extraordinary events: the Australian wildfires of early 2020 and the eruption of La Soufriere in 2021. We further reveal that both ozone holes were associated with widespread changes in Southern Hemisphere climate that are consistent with the established climate impacts of Antarctic ozone depletion, including a strengthening of the polar stratospheric vortex, enhanced surface westerlies over the Southern Ocean, and surface temperature changes over Antarctica and Australia. The results thus provide suggestive evidence that injections of both wildfire smoke and volcanic emissions into the stratosphere can lead to hemispheric‐scale changes in surface climate.