Holocene Environmental Change at Wonderwerk Cave, South Africa: Insights from Stable Light Isotopes in Ostrich Eggshell

Holocene Environmental Change at Wonderwerk Cave, South Africa: Insights from Stable Light Isotopes in Ostrich Eggshell
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南非 Wonderwerk 洞穴全新世环境变化:来自鸵鸟蛋壳中稳定轻同位素的见解

DOI:
10.1007/s10437-015-9202-y
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发表时间:
2015
影响因子:
1.6
通讯作者:
Lee-Thorp J
Lee-Thorp J
中科院分区:
法学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lee-Thorp J

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稀疏的记录和不连续和/或年代学分辨率差的数据阻碍了南非内陆可靠的古环境序列的构建。Wonderwerk洞穴位于喀拉哈里沙漠(Kalahari Thornveld) /干燥林地植被和一般干旱条件的中心位置,预计对过去微妙的气候扰动很敏感,来自该地点的证据是形成对内部环境变化看法的关键。包括花粉主成分分析在内的现有数据汇编显示了广泛的趋势,从全新世早期的可变干旱和开放到大约7500年至5000年的湿润条件,随后是干旱。为了更好地确定从晚更新世开始的转变的性质和时间,我们分析了Wonderwerk洞穴的鸵鸟蛋壳样本的碳和氧同位素比率。然后将得到的数据放在由贝叶斯模型建立的现有放射性碳年代的时间框架内,并与Wonderwerk文化序列的变化进行比较。干旱的几个变化和趋势包括近6000年4b层从干旱到湿润的转变,与威尔顿组合内的文化转变相一致,随后在2000年左右出现了一个干旱趋势,与陶瓷LSA的出现相一致。
Sparse records and discontinuous and/or poor chronologically resolved data hinder construction of reliable palaeoenvironmental sequences for the interior of South Africa. Wonderwerk Cave occupies a central position in the interior where the Kalahari Thornveld/dry woodland vegetation and generally arid conditions are expected to be sensitive to subtle past climate perturbations, and evidence from this site has been key to forming views on environmental change in the interior. A compilation of existing data including principal component analysis of pollen suggested broad trends, ranging from variably arid and open in the early Holocene to moister conditions from about 7500 to 5000 years, followed by aridity thereafter. In an effort to better establish the nature and timing of shifts from the Late Pleistocene sequence onwards, we analyse carbon and oxygen isotope ratios in a robust sample of ostrich eggshell from Wonderwerk Cave. The resulting data are then placed within a temporal framework established by Bayesian modelling of existing radiocarbon dates and compared against shifts in the Wonderwerk cultural sequence. Several shifts and trends in aridity include an arid to moist shift in layer 4b near 6000 years, coincident with a cultural shift within the Wilton assemblage, and thereafter an aridification trend culminating at about 2000 years with the appearance of the ceramic LSA.
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