Spatial and temporal analysis of beta diversity in the Barro Colorado Island forest dynamics plot, Panama
Spatial and temporal analysis of beta diversity in the Barro Colorado Island forest dynamics plot, Panama
复制标题
巴拿马巴罗科罗拉多岛森林动态图β多样性的时空分析
DOI：
10.1186/s40663-019-0164-4
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
R. Condit
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Legendre;R. Condit
背景生态学家有兴趣评估随时间重复的生态调查的空间和时间变化。本文比较了 1985 年和 2015 年巴拿马巴罗科罗拉多森林动态图 (BCI) 的调查，分为 1250 个 (20 m × 20 m) 样方。方法、空间分析总 beta 多样性被测量为整个 BCI 图中经过 Hellinger 变换的群落数据的总方差。总β被划分为各个地点的贡献（LCBD指数），对其显着性进行测试并绘制地图。结果，空间分析LCBD指数表明了具有特殊群落组成的地点。 1985年，它们大多在沼泽栖息地被发现。在 2015 年的调查中，没有一个沼泽样方具有显着的 LCBD。该区间内的树木群落发生了什么？方法、时间分析在时间 1（1985 年）和时间 2（2015 年）之间测量每个样方的群落组成的差异。时间 Beta 指数 (TBI) 是根据丰度和存在-不存在数据计算的，并测试显着性。 TBI指数可以分解为B = 物种（或每个物种丰度）损失和C = 物种（或每个物种丰度）增益。制作了 B-C 图；它们直观地显示了随时间变化、跨站点的损失和增益分量的相对重要性。结果、时间分析在 BCI 中，在沼泽地区发现了具有显着 TBI 指数的样方，由于当地气候的变化，该地区的重要性正在下降。已发布的栖息地分类将 BCI 森林地块划分为六个栖息地区域。为每个栖息地组绘制了 B 和 C 分量图。第 4 组（沼泽）以物种（和每个物种的丰度）增加为主，而其他五个栖息地组以损失为主，其中一些组比其他组损失更多。结论我们确定了 T1 和 T2 之间沼泽中丰度变化最大的物种。这项分析支持了这样的假设：沼泽正在干涸并被周围地区的物种入侵。对时间 beta 多样性的 B 和 C 组成部分的分析使我们了解了群落随时间变化的机制的核心：物种的损失 (B) 和增益 (C)，以及不同物种个体的损失和增益。 TBI 分析在物种丰富的群落中特别有趣，因为我们无法单独检查每个物种的变化。
BackgroundEcologists are interested in assessing the spatial and temporal variation in ecological surveys repeated over time. This paper compares the 1985 and 2015 surveys of the Barro Colorado Forest Dynamics plot (BCI), Panama, divided into 1250 (20 m × 20 m) quadrats.Methods, spatial analysisTotal beta diversity was measured as the total variance of the Hellinger-transformed community data throughout the BCI plot. Total beta was partitioned into contributions of individual sites (LCBD indices), which were tested for significance and mapped.Results, spatial analysisLCBD indices indicated the sites with exceptional community composition. In 1985, they were mostly found in the swamp habitat. In the 2015 survey, none of the swamp quadrats had significant LCBDs. What happened to the tree community in the interval?Methods, temporal analysisThe dissimilarity in community composition in each quadrat was measured between time 1 (1985) and time 2 (2015). Temporal Beta Indices (TBI) were computed from abundance and presence-absence data and tested for significance. TBI indices can be decomposed into B = species (or abundances-per-species) losses and C = species (or abundances-per-species) gains. B-C plots were produced; they display visually the relative importance of the loss and gain components, through time, across the sites.Results, temporal analysisIn BCI, quadrats with significant TBI indices were found in the swamp area, which is shrinking in importance due to changes to the local climate. A published habitat classification divided the BCI forest plot into six habitat zones. Graphs of the B and C components were produced for each habitat group. Group 4 (the swamp) was dominated by species (and abundances-per-species) gains whereas the five other habitat groups were dominated by losses, some groups more than others.ConclusionsWe identified the species that had changed the most in abundances in the swamp between T1 and T2. This analysis supported the hypothesis that the swamp is drying out and is invaded by species from the surrounding area. Analysis of the B and C components of temporal beta diversity bring us to the heart of the mechanisms of community change through time: losses (B) and gains (C) of species, losses and gains of individuals of various species. TBI analysis is especially interesting in species-rich communities where we cannot examine the changes in every species individually.