The 1988 Orange River flood, Upington Region, Northwestern Cape Province, RSA
The 1988 Orange River flood, Upington Region, Northwestern Cape Province, RSA
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-3121.1991.tb00150.x
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发表时间：
1991-05
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
P. Zawada;A. Smith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Zawada;A. Smith
本文介绍了1988年橙子河洪水的各个方面。橙子河是一个常年性的，在1988年2月至4月期间经历了严重的洪水（洪峰：8300 m3 s-1）的Drock控制的河流。这场洪水造成生命损失，损失超过1.26亿美元。由于两岸树木的稳定作用，主槽边缘的河岸侵蚀可以忽略不计。与此相反，从河道边缘移走的地区则以侵蚀和沉积为特征。在天然洪水通道的范围内，宏观湍流引起冲刷坑，有时会合并成面积达数英亩的大侵蚀场。在许多情况下，冲刷坑存在，但macrocorbence起源的障碍没有，并建议这些被洪水侵蚀过程中删除。在某些情况下，混合的钻孔痕迹（定向顺流）导致形成陡峭的洪水通道。沉积的形式是由河流沙丘和辫状坝堆积构成的大型砂层。洪水过后的风将一些沉积的沙子重新塑造成风成沙丘。
This paper describes aspects of the 1988 Orange River flood. The Orange River is a perennial, bedrock-controlled river which experienced severe flooding (flood peak: 8300 m3 s-1) during February-April of 1988. This flood resulted in the loss of life and damage in excess of $126 million. Negligible bank erosion took place in the main channel margins due to the stabilizing effect of tree-lined banks. In contrast, areas removed from the channel margin were characterized by erosion and deposition. Within the confines of the natural flood channels, macroturbulence gave rise to scour holes which sometimes amalgamated into large erosion fields acres in extent. In many cases scour holes were present but macroturbulence-originating obstacles were not, and it is suggested that these were removed by flood-erosion processes. In some instances amalgamation of scour-hole trails (orientated down-current) led to the formation of steep-sided flood channels. Deposition took the form of large sandsheets constructed from fluvial-dune fields and braid-bar accumulations. Post-flood winds reworked some of the deposited sand into aeolian dunes.