Dietary immunostimulants influence specific immune response and resistance of healthy and immunocompromised Asian catfish Clarias batrachus to Aeromonas hydrophila infection.
Dietary immunostimulants influence specific immune response and resistance of healthy and immunocompromised Asian catfish Clarias batrachus to Aeromonas hydrophila infection.
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膳食免疫刺激剂影响健康和免疫功能低下的亚洲鲶鱼对嗜水气单胞菌感染的特异性免疫反应和抵抗力。
DOI：
10.3354/dao070063
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发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
P. Sahoo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Kumari;P. Sahoo
为确定膳食中4种免疫调节剂的疗效和免疫逆转效果，本研究对4种膳食免疫调节剂进行了研究。乳铁蛋白、β-1，3葡聚糖、左旋咪唑和维生素C对商业上重要的叉尾胡子鱼抗病能力的影响。在30d的试验中，将这些物质分成两个亚组，分别添加不同水平的这些物质。腹腔注射3-甲基-4-氨基丁酸(3-甲基-4-甲氧基-4-氨基丁酸)诱导免疫抑制状态。免疫低下免疫组在攻击前3d连续注射环磷酰胺(CYP)200 mg kg(-1)体重，间隔1wk。在实验的第一天，这些鱼接种了福尔马林灭活的嗜水气单胞菌疫苗。30d后，测定抗体滴度(细菌凝集滴度)和对嗜水气单胞菌的抵抗力。结果表明，所有四种免疫调节剂都能显著(p<；0.05)增强特异性免疫应答；这一点在健康组和免疫低下组与各自的对照组相比明显提高了抗体效价和对嗜水气单胞菌的保护作用。同样，所有4种物质都显著提高了免疫受损和健康的未接种疫苗的鱼的存活率。因此，与各自的对照相比，这些物质能够减轻注射CYP在接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的鱼类中引起的免疫抑制。在所研究的4种物质中，β-1，3葡聚糖是最有效的免疫调节剂，其次是左旋咪唑、乳铁蛋白和维生素C。因此，结果支持将这些物质引入在免疫抑制/应激条件下养殖的鱼类的饮食中，以加强对感染的保护并提供经济利益。
In order to determine the efficacy and immunoreversal effect of the 4 dietary immunomodulators, viz. lactoferrin, beta-1,3 glucan, levamisole and vitamin C, on disease resistance of a commercially important catfish, Clarias batrachus, fish were fed diets supplemented with various levels of these substances in 2 subgroups, healthy and immunocompromised, during a 30 d trial. An artificial immunosuppressive state was induced by giving 3 intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of cyclophosphamide (CYP) at a dose level of 200 mg kg(-1) body weight at 1 wk intervals in the immunocompromised vaccinated subgroup and 3 consecutive injections 3 d before challenge in the immunocompromised non-vaccinated subgroup. On the first day of the experiment, the fish were vaccinated against a formalin-killed Aeromonas hydrophila bacterin. After 30 d, antibody titre (as measured through bacterial agglutination titre) and disease resistance against A. hydrophila were determined. The results demonstrate that all 4 immunomodulators were capable of significantly (p < 0.05) enhancing the specific immune response; this was evident through raised antibody titre and protection against A. hydrophila in both healthy and immunocompromised vaccinated subgroups compared to their respective controls. Similarly, all 4 substances significantly raised the survival rates in immunocompromised and healthy non-vaccinated fish. Thus, these substances were capable of reducing the immunosuppression induced by CYP injections in both vaccinated and non-vaccinated fish compared to their respective controls. Among the 4 substances studied, beta-1,3 glucan was found to be the most effective immunomodulator, followed by levamisole, lactoferrin and vitamin C in Asian catfish. Therefore, the results support the introduction of these substances into the diet of fish grown in farms under immunosuppressive/stressful conditions in order to enhance protection against infection and offer economic benefits.