Feb 03, 2022 Greenland and Antarctica Ice Sheet Mass Changes and Effects on
Feb 03, 2022 Greenland and Antarctica Ice Sheet Mass Changes and Effects on
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2022 年 2 月 3 日 格陵兰岛和南极洲冰盖质量变化及其影响
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通讯作者：
S. Royston
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作者：
B. Vishwakarma;Y. Ziegler;J. Bamber;S. Royston
． 13年的GRACE数据提供了格陵兰和南极洲当前质量变化的良好图景，2002- 2015年GRACE期间格陵兰（包括外围冰盖）的质量损失为265±25 GT/年，南极洲的质量损失为95±50 GT/年，对应于0.72 mm/年和0.26 mm/年的全球平均海平面变化。发现质量损失率显著加速，特别是在南极洲，而格陵兰岛的质量损失率在相应的加速期和2012年夏季创纪录的质量损失率之后，短期质量损失率略有下降。基于点质量反演方法的年度质量平衡估算具有相对较大的误差，这一方面是由于冰川均衡调整（GIA）过程的不确定性，特别是对于南极洲，未模拟的海洋质量变化造成的泄漏，以及（对于格陵兰岛）从格陵兰冰盖和邻近的加拿大冰盖分离质量信号的困难。GRACE的有限分辨率对总质量损失的不确定度影响较小；我们通过与GRACE联合反演卫星高程变化结果来说明质量变化的“真实”来源，表明质量变化主要与主要出口冰川以及狭窄的海岸带有关。对南极洲来说，主要的变化与南极洲西部的主要出口冰川（松岛和思韦茨冰川系统）以及南极半岛有关，在2002年拉森B冰架崩塌后，南极半岛已观测到主要的冰川加速。
. Thirteen years of GRACE data provide an excellent picture of the current mass changes of Greenland and Antarctica, with mass loss in the GRACE period 2002-15 amounting to 265±25 GT/yr for Greenland (including peripheral ice caps), and 95±50 GT/year for Antarctica, corresponding to 0.72 mm/year and 0.26 mm/year average global sea level change. A significant acceleration in mass loss rate is found, especially for Antarctica, while Greenland mass loss, after a corresponding acceleration period, and a record mass loss in the summer of 2012, has seen a slight decrease in short-term mass loss trend. The yearly mass balance estimates, based on pointmass inversion methods, have relatively large errors, both due to uncertainties in the glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) processes, especially for Antarctica, leakage from unmodelled ocean mass changes, and (for Greenland) difficulties in separating mass signals from the Greenland ice sheet and the adjacent Canadian ice caps. The limited resolution of GRACE affects the uncertainty of total mass loss to a smaller degree; we illustrate the “real” sources of mass changes by including satellite altimetry elevation change results in a joint inversion with GRACE, showing that mass change occurs primarily associated with major outlet glaciers, as well as a narrow coastal band. For Antarctica the primary changes are associated with the major outlet glaciers in West Antarctica (Pine Island and Thwaites glacier systems), as well as on the Antarctic Peninsula, where major glacier accelerations have been observed after the 2002 collapse of the Larsen B Ice Shelf.