Why Is Eradicating Typhoid Fever So Challenging: Implications for Vaccine and Therapeutic Design.

Why Is Eradicating Typhoid Fever So Challenging: Implications for Vaccine and Therapeutic Design.
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DOI:
10.3390/vaccines6030045
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发表时间:
2018-07-24
期刊:
影响因子:
7.8
通讯作者:
Song J
Song J
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yang YA;Chong A;Song J

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伤寒沙门氏菌(S. Typhi)和S.副伤寒,即伤寒沙门氏菌,是(帕拉)伤寒的原因,这是一种毁灭性的系统性传染病在人类。此外,多药耐药(MDR)和广泛耐药(XDR)S。伤寒在许多低收入和中等收入国家对人类健康构成重大风险。虽然目前可用的伤寒疫苗和治疗剂是有效的,但它们具有一些局限性。一个重要的限制是缺乏控制的个人谁长期携带S。伤寒然而,由于S.伤寒对人类来说,S。伤寒研究受到阻碍。因此,我们对S.伤寒的发病机制是不完整的,从而延缓了预防和治疗策略的发展和完善。然而,为了更好地打击和遏制S。伤寒,这是至关重要的,以开发一种疫苗和治疗控制急性和慢性感染的个人。这篇综述讨论了科学家们是如何试图对抗伤寒的,为什么这样做是如此具有挑战性,哪些方法显示出希望,以及我们对伤寒沙门氏菌的发病机制的了解。伤寒慢性感染。
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) and S. Paratyphi, namely typhoidal Salmonellae, are the cause of (para) typhoid fever, which is a devastating systemic infectious disease in humans. In addition, the spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) S. Typhi in many low and middle-income countries poses a significant risk to human health. While currently available typhoid vaccines and therapeutics are efficacious, they have some limitations. One important limitation is the lack of controlling individuals who chronically carry S. Typhi. However, due to the strict host specificity of S. Typhi to humans, S. Typhi research is hampered. As a result, our understanding of S. Typhi pathogenesis is incomplete, thereby delaying the development and improvement of prevention and treatment strategies. Nonetheless, to better combat and contain S. Typhi, it is vital to develop a vaccine and therapy for controlling both acutely and chronically infected individuals. This review discusses how scientists are trying to combat typhoid fever, why it is so challenging to do so, which approaches show promise, and what we know about the pathogenesis of S. Typhi chronic infection.
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