The challenge of Mediterranean sclerophyllous vegetation under climate change: From acclimation to adaptation
The challenge of Mediterranean sclerophyllous vegetation under climate change: From acclimation to adaptation
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.envexpbot.2013.09.013
复制
发表时间：
2014-07-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Fini, Alessio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bussotti, Filippo;Ferrini, Francesco;Fini, Alessio
南欧气候变化的预测模型与为中欧和北方地区提出的预测模型不同，主要是在降水量方面。事实上，平均降雨量的大幅减少，主要是由于降雨事件频率的减少，被认为在未来的一百年里会发生在地中海盆地。气候变暖将加剧干旱事件发生的频率。与植物生长受到次优温度限制的地区（即北方和大多数温带森林）以及据报道变暖会增加碳同化和生长的地区不同，地中海盆地生长的植物目前接近其最佳温度，变暖可能会（例如干旱）损害光合作用并抑制生长和生存。已发现大气中二氧化碳的上升会增加生长，光合作用水利用效率，并可能部分缓解变暖和干旱的有害影响。然而，在发生严重和长期干旱的地区，严重的光抑制和光合作用的代谢限制可能会阻止地中海硬叶植物利用较高的大气CO2，并可能减缓旱季结束后的恢复。最敏感的森林类型是在地中海盆地位于其分布范围最南端的树种。相比之下，嗜热树木预计将在南欧和中欧有更大的扩散，因为冬季寒冷的压力将通过变暖而减少。然而，由于生态特征的巨大差异，所称的树种替代可以遵循从南到北、从低到高的自然模式，而不考虑城市化带来的障碍。由于这些原因，研究不同基因型的性能和生态可塑性，物种选择，以及种植和管理技术，对适应性森林管理具有战略意义。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Forecasting models for climate change in southern Europe differ from those proposed for central and northern regions mainly with regard to precipitation. In fact, a strong reduction in average rainfall, mainly caused by decrease frequency of rainy events, is believe to occur in the Mediterranean basin in the forthcoming hundred years. Increased frequency of drought events will be paralleled and exacerbated by warming. Differently from areas where plant growth is limited by sub-optimal temperature (i.e. boreal and most temperate forests) and where warming has been reported to increase carbon assimilation and growth, plants growing in the Mediterranean basin are currently near their temperature optimum, and warming may contribute (e.g. with drought) to impair photosynthesis and depress growth and survival. Rising atmospheric CO2 has been found to increase growth, photosynthesis water use efficiency, and may partially alleviate the deleterious effects of warming and drought. However, in areas where severe and prolonged drought episodes occur, severe photoinhibition and metabolic limitation to photosynthesis may prevent Mediterranean sclerophylls to take advantage of higher atmospheric CO2, and may slow down recovery after the end of the dry season. The most sensitive forest types consist in tree species which are, in the Mediterranean basin, at the southernmost limit of their distribution range. In contrast, thermophilous trees are expected to have a greater diffusion both in southern and central Europe, as winter cold stress will be reduced by warming. Yet due to great variability of ecological features, the alleged substitution of tree species can follow a natural pattern from south to north and from low to high altitudes, without considering obstacles deriving from urbanization. For these reasons, research on the performance and ecologic plasticity of different genotypes, on species selection, and on planting and management techniques can have strategic importance for adaptive forest management. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.