Do Personality Traits Moderate the Effect of Late-Life Spousal Loss on Psychological Distress?
Do Personality Traits Moderate the Effect of Late-Life Spousal Loss on Psychological Distress?
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DOI：
10.1177/0022146510368933
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发表时间：
2010-06-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Carr, Deborah
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pai, Manacy;Carr, Deborah
我们使用老年夫妇生活变化研究(CLOC)的数据来调查：(1)五种人格特征(宜人性、尽职尽责、情绪稳定性/神经质、外向和开放性)在多大程度上缓和了晚年配偶丧失对抑郁症状的影响；(2)这些模式因死亡预期的不同而不同；以及(3)(1)和(2)中记录的模式是由次级应激源和社会支持解释的。丧偶的人报告的抑郁症状明显比已婚的人多，但对于高度外向和尽职尽责的人来说，丧失的有害影响要小得多。然而，个性特征的保护作用因预期死亡而异。只有事先得到死亡警告的人，外向才能预防抑郁。在配偶长期患病期间，外向的人可能特别擅长获得社会支持。我们讨论了外向和责任心可以缓冲与丧亲相关的压力的方式。
We use data from the Changing Lives of Older Couples (CLOC) study to investigate the extent to which: (1) five personality traits (agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability/neuroticism, extraversion, and openness) moderate the effect of late-life spousal loss on depressive symptoms; (2) these patterns vary based on the expectedness of the death; and (3) the patterns documented in (1) and (2) are explained by secondary stressors and social support. Widowed persons report significantly more depressive symptoms than married persons, yet the deleterious effects of loss are significantly smaller for highly extraverted and conscientious individuals. The protective effects of personality traits, however, vary based on the expectedness of the death. Extraversion is protective against depression only for persons who had forewarning of the death. Extraverts may be particularly good at marshalling social support during prolonged periods of spousal illness. We discuss the ways that extraversion and conscientiousness may buffer against bereavement-related stressors.