Somatosensory Research Methods
Somatosensory Research Methods
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体感研究方法
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-0716-3068-6_9
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Merrick C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Merrick C
由于湿度在舒适性和皮肤健康方面的意义，在上个世纪，对人类检测皮肤上湿度的存在和估计皮肤上湿度的量的能力的研究已经引起了科学兴趣。1900年，Bentley证明了皮肤湿度是基于触摸和温度刺激相结合产生流动性感觉来检测的，并且湿度感知随着冷触摸而增加。已经证明，在没有皮肤吸湿器的情况下（即，湿度感受器）在人类中，水分对皮肤的生物物理效应（传导传热和机械相互作用）会激发特定的皮肤机械感受器和热感受器。由此产生的传入信号被集中整合，以产生我们对皮肤湿度的感知。除了为理解躯体感觉的这一方面提供理论基础外，这些见解还有助于为人类皮肤湿度感测的研究开发方法框架，它依赖于评估热-触觉刺激的皮肤中存在的液体。本章将提供一个概述的实验框架和方法，可用于评估生物物理和对施加于皮肤的受控的干和湿刺激的心理物理反应，以及由此产生的潮湿感。我们将使用皮肤水分相互作用的示例场景（例如，与潮湿表面接触或出汗引起的），以批判性地评估方法，注意其准确性，可靠性和效率，并讨论其局限性和常见的困难。希望这些考虑将指导和进一步发展研究这个相对较少的调查，但基本的，方面的躯体感觉。
The study of the human ability to both detect the presence and estimate the amount of wetness on the skin has grown in scientific interest over the last century, due to the implication of wetness in comfort and skin health. In 1900, Bentley demonstrated that skin wetness is detected based on touch and temperature stimuli combining to produce sensations of liquidity, and that wetness perception increases with cold touch. It has since been demonstrated that, in the absence of a skin hygroreceptor (i.e., wetness receptor) in humans, the biophysical effects of moisture on the skin—conductive heat transfer and mechanical interaction—excite specific cutaneous mechanoreceptors and thermoreceptors. The resulting afferent signals are centrally integrated to generate our perception of skin wetness. As well as providing a theoretical foundation for understanding this aspect of somatosensation, these insights have helped develop a methodological framework for the study of human skin wetness sensing, which relies on assessing the independent and interactive effects of thermo-tactile stimulation of the skin in the presence of a liquid.This chapter will provide an overview of the experimental framework and methods available to evaluate the biophysical and psychophysical responses to controlled dry and wet stimuli applied to skin, and the resulting wetness perception. We will use example scenarios of skin-moisture interactions (e.g., arising from contact with a wet surface or from sweat production), to critically evaluate the methods, noting their accuracy, reliability, and efficiency, and discuss their limitations and commonly encountered difficulties. It is hoped that these considerations will guide and further develop research of this relatively little-investigated, yet fundamental, aspect of somatosensation.