Discrimination and the Stress Response: Psychological and Physiological Consequences of Anticipating Prejudice in Interethnic Interactions
Discrimination and the Stress Response: Psychological and Physiological Consequences of Anticipating Prejudice in Interethnic Interactions
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.2011.300620
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发表时间：
2012-05-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Mendes, Wendy Berry
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sawyer, Pamela J.;Major, Brenda;Mendes, Wendy Berry
目标.我们试图证明，与预期与无偏见的跨种族/种族伴侣互动的个体相比，预期与有偏见的跨种族/种族伴侣互动的个体表现出更严重的应激反应，通过自我报告以及血液动力学和血管反应进行测量。方法：通过与白色互动伙伴交换问卷拉丁裔参与者了解到他们的伴侣有种族/民族偏见或平等主义态度。拉丁裔参与者报告了他们的认知和情绪状态，并在参与者准备并向白色联盟发表演讲时测量了心血管反应。与认为对方持平等态度的被试相比，认为对方持偏见态度的被试在交往前表现出更大的关注和威胁情绪，交往后表现出更大的压力，心血管反应也更强。这项研究表明，仅仅是预期偏见会导致心理和心血管压力反应。这些结果是一致的概念化的预期歧视作为一个压力源，并建议警惕偏见可能是一个促成因素，种族/民族的健康差距在美国。(Am J公共卫生。2012;102：1020-1026. doi：10.2105/AJPH.2011.300620）
Objectives. We sought to demonstrate that individuals who anticipate interacting with a prejudiced cross-race/ethnicity partner show an exacerbated stress response, as measured through both self-report and hemodynamic and vascular responses, compared with individuals anticipating interacting with a nonprejudiced cross-race/ethnicity partner.Methods: Through a questionnaire exchange with a White interaction partner (a confederate) Latina participants learned that their partner had racial/ethnic biased or egalitarian attitudes. Latina participants reported their cognitive and emotional states, and cardiovascular responses were measured while participants prepared and delivered a speech to the White confederate.Results. Participants who believed that their interaction partner held prejudiced attitudes reported greater concern and more threat emotions before the interaction, and more stress after the interaction, and showed greater cardiovascular response than did participants who believed that their partner had egalitarian attitudes.Conclusions. This study shows that merely anticipating prejudice leads to both psychological and cardiovascular stress responses. These results are consistent with the conceptualization of anticipated discrimination as a stressor and suggest that vigilance for prejudice may be a contributing factor to racial/ethnic health disparities in the United States. (Am J Public Health. 2012;102: 1020-1026. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300620)