Towards equitable transit: examining transit accessibility and social need in Toronto, Canada, 1996-2006
Towards equitable transit: examining transit accessibility and social need in Toronto, Canada, 1996-2006
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2012.12.008
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发表时间：
2013-05-01
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
El-Geneidy, Ahmed M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Foth, Nicole;Manaugh, Kevin;El-Geneidy, Ahmed M.
交通基础设施的位置将公共资金分配给整个地区的居民。然而，这些利益并不总是在不同的人口群体中平均分配。本研究旨在确定多伦多公共交通系统的利益是否公平分配，以及在该地区实施几个交通项目后，这些利益如何从1996年到2006年发生变化。我们开发了一种方法，使用基于人口普查区水平社会经济特征的社会指标来衡量多伦多地区社会劣势与工作可及性和过境旅行时间之间的关系。过境公平在三个层面上进行审查：空间、时间和工作类型。可达性和交通出行时间的变化幅度在10年内逐渐缩小。此外，在1996年和2006年，与该地区其他地区相比，社会处境最不利的人口普查区在统计上具有更好的可达性和更短的过境旅行时间。我们的研究结果表明，多伦多拥有一个总体公平的交通系统，有利于那些有社会需求的人，他们可能从交通中获益最多。所提出的方法是一种将社会公平问题直接纳入土地使用和交通规划过程的有用方法。(C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
The location of transit infrastructure distributes publicly-funded benefits to residents throughout a region. However, these benefits are not always distributed equally among different population groups. This research seeks to determine whether the benefits of Toronto's public transit system are equitably distributed, and how these benefits change from 1996 to 2006 after the implementation of several transit projects in the region. We develop a methodology using a social indicator based on census tract level socio-economic characteristics to measure the relationship between social disadvantage and accessibility to jobs and transit travel time in the Toronto region over time. Transit equity is examined at three levels: spatially, temporally, and by job type. We find the range in accessibility and transit travel time narrows over the 10 year period. In addition, the most socially disadvantaged census tracts have statistically significantly better accessibility and lower transit travel times relative to the rest of the region in both 1996 and in 2006. Our findings show that Toronto has a generally equitable transit system that benefits those in social need, who are likely to gain the most from transit. The methodology proposed presents a useful way to bring issues of social equity directly into the land use and transportation planning process. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.