The effects of gender, acclimation state, the opportunity to adjust clothing and physical disability on requirements for thermal comfort
The effects of gender, acclimation state, the opportunity to adjust clothing and physical disability on requirements for thermal comfort
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DOI：
10.1016/s0378-7788(02)00009-9
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发表时间：
2002-07
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
K. Parsons
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Parsons
提出了热舒适性要求的实验室研究计划。两项研究对 16 名受试者进行了分组，在不同的条件下（从温暖到凉爽），研究了性别在模拟客厅/办公室环境中暴露 3 小时的影响。结果发现，对于相同水平的衣服和活动，男性和女性受试者在中性和微热条件下的热舒适反应只有很小的差异。在凉爽的条件下，女性受试者往往比男性凉爽。一项研究热适应对热舒适要求影响的实验涉及六名男性受试者，他们在中性和微温暖的环境中提供了超过 2 天的热舒适反应。然后，他们进行了为期 4 天的适应计划，每天 2 小时，在炎热（45°C，40% 相对湿度）的环境中锻炼。然后在与预适应过程相同的条件下，在两天内分两次记录热舒适反应。结果发现，热舒适响应的变化很小，可能没有什么实际意义。对八名男性和八名女性受试者通过调整衣服来保持热舒适性的行为进行了调查。坐着的受试者通过使用他们熟悉的衣柜来减少或增加他们的衣服水平。研究发现，受试者可以调整衣服以保持热舒适度，但要在一定限度内。上限（脱掉衣服）将由谦虚和可接受性决定。下限（穿衣服）将由服装设计和可接受性决定。免费提供的衣服中 18°C 的低气温限制可以提供一个可行的假设。一项针对身体残疾者的热舒适要求的实验室研究，将其反应与正常人的反应进行了比较。研究发现，身体残疾者和健康者的热舒适要求之间几乎没有群体差异。然而，更有必要考虑身体残疾者的个人要求。
A program of laboratory studies into thermal comfort requirements is presented. Two studies used groups of 16 subjects over a range of conditions (warm to cool) to investigate the effects of gender over 3h exposures in simulated living room/office environments. It was found that for identical levels of clothing and activity, there were only small differences in the thermal comfort responses of male and female subjects for neutral and slightly warm conditions. For cool conditions, female subjects tended to be cooler than males. An experiment to investigate the effects of heat acclimation on thermal comfort requirements involved six male subjects providing thermal comfort responses in neutral and slightly warm environments over 2 days. They then carried out an acclimatization program over 4 days, for 2h per day, exercising in a hot (45°C, 40% relative humidity) environment. Thermal comfort responses were then recorded in two sessions over 2 days in identical conditions to the pre-acclimation session. It was found that changes in thermal comfort responses were small and likely to be of little practical significance. An investigation into the behavior of people to maintain thermal comfort by adjusting their clothing was conducted using eight male and eight female subjects. Seated subjects reduced or increased their clothing level by using a wardrobe of clothing that was familiar to them. It was found that subjects can adjust their clothing to maintain thermal comfort, but within limits. Upper limits (clothing off) will be determined by modesty and acceptability. Lower limits (clothing on) will be determined by clothing design and acceptability. A low air temperature limit of 18°C in freely available clothing may provide a working hypothesis. A laboratory study of thermal comfort requirements for people with physical disabilities compared responses with those of people without physical disabilities. It was found that there are few group differences between thermal comfort requirements of people with and without physical disabilities. However, there is a greater necessity to consider individual requirements for people with physical disability.