Assessing the combined threats of artificial light at night and air pollution for the world’s nocturnally migrating birds
Assessing the combined threats of artificial light at night and air pollution for the world’s nocturnally migrating birds
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DOI：
10.1111/geb.13466
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发表时间：
2022-02
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
F. L. La Sorte;Myla F. J. Aronson;Christopher A. Lepczyk;K. Horton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. L. La Sorte;Myla F. J. Aronson;Christopher A. Lepczyk;K. Horton
对候鸟迁徙的两个重要环境危害是夜间人工照明（ALAN）和空气污染，其中环境细颗粒物（PM2.5）被认为是特别有害的。夜间迁徙的鸟类在季节性迁徙期间被ALAN吸引，这可能会增加PM2.5的暴露。在这里，我们研究了PM2.5浓度和PM2.5趋势，以及在世界候鸟的地理范围内ALAN和PM2.5之间的空间相关性。位置全球。时间段1998 - 2018。主要类群研究了夜间候鸟。方法我们在21年的时间内建立了一个全球年平均PM2.5浓度数据库（1998-2018）的地理范围（繁殖，非繁殖和通过区域）的225个鸟类物种的三个迁移飞行路线（美洲，n= 143;非洲-欧洲，n= 36;和东亚-澳大利亚，n= 46）。对于每个物种，我们估计PM2.5浓度和趋势，并测量ALAN和PM2.5之间的相关性，我们总结了季节和flyway.ResultsCorrelations之间的ALAN和PM2.5是显着的积极在所有季节和flyways。东亚-澳大利亚飞行路线在通过区域内具有最强的ALAN-PM2. 5相关性，所有三个季节的PM2. 5浓度最高，非繁殖地和通过区域内的PM2. 5趋势最强。美洲的飞行路线在非繁殖地和通过区域内具有最强的负面空气污染趋势。三条飞行路线内的繁殖地也出现了类似的负面空气污染趋势。主要结论东亚-澳大利亚飞行路线内的ALAN和空气污染的综合威胁最大，并且可能会增加，而美洲和非洲内的ALAN和空气污染的综合威胁最低，并且可能会减少-欧洲飞行路线。逆转东亚-澳大利亚航线的PM2.5趋势，并保持美洲和非洲-欧洲航线的PM2.5负趋势，同时降低ALAN水平，可能对每个地区的候鸟种群有利。
AimTwo important environmental hazards for nocturnally migrating birds are artificial light at night (ALAN) and air pollution, with ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) considered to be especially harmful. Nocturnally migrating birds are attracted to ALAN during seasonal migration, which could increase exposure to PM2.5. Here, we examine PM2.5concentrations and PM2.5trends and the spatial correlation between ALAN and PM2.5within the geographical ranges of the world’s nocturnally migrating birds.LocationGlobal.Time period1998–2018.Major taxa studiedNocturnally migrating birds.MethodsWe intersected a global database of annual mean PM2.5concentrations over a 21‐year period (1998–2018) with the geographical ranges (breeding, non‐breeding and regions of passage) of 225 nocturnally migrating bird species in three migration flyways (Americas,n= 143; Africa–Europe,n= 36; and East Asia–Australia,n= 46). For each species, we estimated PM2.5concentrations and trends and measured the correlation between ALAN and PM2.5, which we summarized by season and flyway.ResultsCorrelations between ALAN and PM2.5were significantly positive across all seasons and flyways. The East Asia–Australia flyway had the strongest ALAN–PM2.5correlations within regions of passage, the highest PM2.5concentrations across all three seasons and the strongest positive PM2.5trends on the non‐breeding grounds and within regions of passage. The Americas flyway had the strongest negative air pollution trends on the non‐breeding grounds and within regions of passage. The breeding grounds had similarly negative air pollution trends within the three flyways.Main conclusionsThe combined threats of ALAN and air pollution are greatest and likely to be increasing within the East Asia–Australia flyway and lowest and likely to be decreasing within the Americas and Africa–Europe flyways. Reversing PM2.5trends in the East Asia–Australia flyway and maintaining negative PM2.5trends in the Americas and Africa–Europe flyways while reducing ALAN levels would likely be beneficial for the nocturnally migrating bird populations in each region.