Ocean FAIR Data Services
Ocean FAIR Data Services
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DOI：
10.3389/fmars.2019.00440
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发表时间：
2019-08
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
T. Tanhua;S. Pouliquen;J. Hausman;K. O’brien;P. Bricher;Taco de Bruin;J. Buck;E. Burger;T. Carval;K. Casey;S. Diggs;A. Giorgetti;H. Glaves;V. Harscoat;D. Kinkade;J. Muelbert;A. Novellino;B. Pfeil;P. Pulsifer;A. P. van de Putte;E. Robinson;D. Schaap;A. Smirnov;N. Smith;D. Snowden;T. Spears;S. Stall;M. Tacoma;P. Thijsse;S. Tronstad;T. Vandenberghe;M. Wengren;L. Wyborn;Zhiming Zhao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Tanhua;S. Pouliquen;J. Hausman;K. O’brien;P. Bricher;Taco de Bruin;J. Buck;E. Burger;T. Carval;K. Casey;S. Diggs;A. Giorgetti;H. Glaves;V. Harscoat;D. Kinkade;J. Muelbert;A. Novellino;B. Pfeil;P. Pulsifer;A. P. van de Putte;E. Robinson;D. Schaap;A. Smirnov;N. Smith;D. Snowden;T. Spears;S. Stall;M. Tacoma;P. Thijsse;S. Tronstad;T. Vandenberghe;M. Wengren;L. Wyborn;Zhiming Zhao
基础良好的数据管理系统对海洋观测系统至关重要，因为它们确保不仅收集而且保留基本数据，并使当前和未来的用户能够进行分析和应用。有效的数据管理需要跨活动的协作，包括观察、元数据和数据组装、质量保证和控制（QA/QC），以及支持本地和可互操作的发现和访问的数据发布，以及确保长期保存的安全存档。要实现这一点，数据应该是可查找的、可访问的、可互操作的和可重用的（FAIR）。在这里，我们概述了这些原则如何应用于海洋数据，并通过几个例子来说明它们。近几十年来，海洋数据管理者与国际组织密切合作，通过不同的项目，在改善环境数据标准化、可访问性和互操作性方面发挥了积极作用，增强了对数据生命周期各个阶段观测数据的访问，并促进了针对研究、监管和业务用户的综合服务的发展。随着海洋观测系统的发展和越来越多的自主平台和传感器的部署，数据的数量和种类急剧增加。例如，有70多个数据目录包含极地海洋的元数据记录，这种情况使得全面的数据发现超出了大多数研究人员的能力。为了更好地为研究、操作和商业用户提供服务，需要更有效地转换已知格式的高质量数据，并通过Web服务提供这些数据。特别是，数据工作流的自动化对于减少整个数据价值链中的摩擦至关重要。坚持公平原则，免费、及时、不受限制地获取海洋观测数据，对发起者有利，对用户也有明显的好处，是利用大数据技术开展新业务的必要基础。
Well-founded data management systems are of vital importance for ocean observing systems as they ensure that essential data are not only collected but also retained and made accessible for analysis and application by current and future users. Effective data management requires collaboration across activities including observations, metadata and data assembly, quality assurance and control (QA/QC), and data publication that enables local and interoperable discovery and access and secures archiving that guarantees long-term preservation. To achieve this, data should be findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR). Here, we outline how these principles apply to ocean data and illustrate them with a few examples. In recent decades, ocean data managers, in close collaboration with international organizations, have played an active role in the improvement of environmental data standardization, accessibility, and interoperability through different projects, enhancing access to observation data at all stages of the data life cycle and fostering the development of integrated services targeted to research, regulatory, and operational users. As ocean observing systems evolve and an increasing number of autonomous platforms and sensors are deployed, the volume and variety of data increase dramatically. For instance, there are more than 70 data catalogs that contain metadata records for the polar oceans, a situation that makes comprehensive data discovery beyond the capacity of most researchers. To better serve research, operational, and commercial users, more efficient turnaround of quality data in known formats and made available through Web services is necessary. In particular, automation of data workflows will be critical to reduce friction throughout the data value chain. Adhering to the FAIR principles with free, timely, and unrestricted access to ocean observation data is beneficial for the originators, has obvious benefits for users, and is an essential foundation for the development of new services made possible with big data technologies.