Prevalence and evolutionary relationships of haematozoan parasites in native versus introduced populations of common myna Acridotheres tristis
Prevalence and evolutionary relationships of haematozoan parasites in native versus introduced populations of common myna Acridotheres tristis
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2005.3313
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发表时间：
2006-03-07
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Fleischer, RC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ishtiaq, F;Beadell, JS;Fleischer, RC
引进物种的成功通常被解释为它们逃脱了引进地区的天敌。我们对两个研究较好的血液寄生虫属(疟原虫和血蛋白)在斑潜蝇的本地种群和六个引进种群中进行了敌人释放假说的检验。并不是所有引进种群与本地种群的比较都与敌人释放假说的预期一致。本地种群表现出比引进种群更高的总体寄生虫流行率，但由于海洋岛屿(斐济和夏威夷)上两个种群的低流行率推动了引入种群的低流行率。如果将这些因素排除在外，患病率没有显著差异。我们发现，与所有引进种群相比，本地种群中的寄生虫谱系数量相似。虽然有一些证据表明，常见的MyNas可能携带了从本地到引入地点的寄生虫谱系，而且引入的种群可能已经感染了新的寄生虫谱系，但可能很难区分本地寄生虫和引入的寄生虫，因为疟疾寄生虫谱系通常不表现出区域或宿主特异性。
The success of introduced species is frequently explained by their escape from natural enemies in the introduced region. We tested the enemy release hypothesis with respect to two well studied blood parasite genera (Plasmodium and Haemoproteus) in native and six introduced populations of the common myna Acridotheres tristis. Not all comparisons of introduced populations to the native population were consistent with expectations of the enemy release hypothesis. Native populations show greater overall parasite prevalence than introduced populations, but the lower prevalence in introduced populations is driven by low prevalence in two populations on oceanic islands (Fiji and Hawaii). When these are excluded, prevalence does not differ significantly. We found a similar number of parasite lineages in native populations compared to all introduced populations. Although there is some evidence that common mynas may have carried parasite lineages from native to introduced locations, and also that introduced populations may have become infected with novel parasite lineages, it may be difficult to differentiate between parasites that are native and introduced, because malarial parasite lineages often do not show regional or host specificity.