Prestimulus Low-Alpha Frontal Networks Are Associated with Pareidolias in Parkinson's Disease
Prestimulus Low-Alpha Frontal Networks Are Associated with Pareidolias in Parkinson's Disease
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DOI：
10.1089/brain.2020.0992
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发表时间：
2021-11-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Mochizuki, Hideki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Revankar, Gajanan S.;Kajiyama, Yuta;Mochizuki, Hideki
背景：空想是一种视觉现象，其中模糊、抽象的形式或形状由于错误的感知而显得有意义。在帕金森病（PD）中，易受视觉幻觉影响的患者会以空想的形式出现视觉知觉缺陷。虽然空想症需要自上而下的视觉加工调节，但这些视觉错觉的内部产生的知觉先验的皮质动力学是未知的。目的：研究PD患者出现空想的刺激前相关脑电图（EEG）频谱和网络异常。方法：对21例PD住院患者和10例年龄匹配的对照组进行评估。神经心理学评估包括认知、注意力和执行功能的测试。同时记录脑电图，采用“噪声性空想性视试验”对其进行量化。PD患者再分为两组，高斜视计数组（n = 10）和无斜视计数组（n = 11）。在刺激呈现前1000 msec对EEG进行频谱域（theta、low-alpha和high-alpha频率）分析，并建立相应的图网络来评估网络的性质。统计分析包括方差分析和多元回归分析。结果：PD患者视错觉数高的患者年龄大，神经心理测试得分低。刺激前脑电低α带呈现较高额叶活动的趋势（p = 0.07）。图网络显示归一化聚类系数增加（p = 0.05），正面度中心性降低（p = 0.005）。这些网络指标与患者的视错觉评分呈正相关。讨论：我们认为PD患者的空想是自上而下的视觉加工异常调节的结果；在刺激前阶段，由于患者内部产生的心理加工与外部刺激之间的不协调，他们的额叶低α谱和网络变化被定义。影响声明帕金森病（PD）的空想被认为是有希望的视觉幻觉的早期标记和PD预后的指标。在某些易感PD患者中，可以诱发和研究空想。在这里，通过脑电图，我们旨在通过研究这些患者在刺激呈现之前神经信息是如何处理的来理解这种视觉现象。使用光谱和图形网络测量，我们揭示了自上而下调节的内部生成过程如何影响空想患者的视觉感知。我们的研究结果强调了前额皮质刺激前网络的改变如何影响PD患者刺激后的空想表现。
Background: Pareidolias are visual phenomena wherein ambiguous, abstract forms or shapes appear meaningful due to incorrect perception. In Parkinson's disease (PD), patients susceptible to visual hallucinations experience visuo-perceptual deficits in the form of pareidolias. Although pareidolias necessitate top-down modulation of visual processing, the cortical dynamics of internally generated perceptual priors on these visual misperceptions is unknown.Objectives: To study prestimulus-related electroencephalography (EEG) spectral and network abnormalities in PD patients experiencing pareidolias.Methods: Twenty-one PD in-patients and 10 age-matched controls were evaluated. Neuropsychological assessments included tests for cognition, attention, and executive functions. Pareidolias were quantified by using the "noise pareidolia test" with simultaneous EEG recording. The PD patients were subdivided into two groups-those with high pareidolia counts (n = 10) and those without (n = 11). The EEG was analyzed 1000 msec before stimulus presentation in the spectral domain (theta, low-alpha, and high-alpha frequencies) with corresponding graph networks to evaluate network properties. Statistical analysis included analysis of variance and multiple regression to evaluate the differences.Results: The PD patients with high pareidolia counts were older with lower scores on neuropsychological tests. Their prestimulus EEG low-alpha band showed a tendency toward higher frontal activity (p = 0.07). Graph networks showed increased normalized clustering coefficient (p = 0.05) and lower frontal degree centrality (p = 0.005). These network indices correlated positively to patients' pareidolia scores.Discussion: We suggest that pareidolias in PD are a consequence of an abnormal top-down modulation of visual processing; they are defined by their frontal low-alpha spectral and network alterations in the prestimulus phase due to a dissonance between patients' internally generated mental processing with external stimuli. Impact statementPareidolias in Parkinson's disease (PD) are considered to be promising early markers of visual hallucinations and an indicator of PD prognosis. In certain susceptible PD patients, pareidolias can be evoked and studied. Here, via electroencephalography, we aimed at understanding this visual phenomenon by studying how neural information is processed before stimulus presentation in such patients. Using spectral and graph network measures, we revealed how top-down modulated internally generated processes affect visual perception in patients with pareidolias. Our findings highlight how prestimulus network alterations in the frontal cortex shape poststimulus pareidolic manifestations in PD.