DOWNHOLE VISCOSITY MEASUREMENT: REVEALING RESERVOIR FLUID COMPLEXITIES AND ARCHITECTURE-猫眼课题宝

井下粘度测量：揭示储层流体的复杂性和结构

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2014

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作者：

V. Mishra;B. Barbosa;B. LeCompte;Y. Morikami;C. Harrison;K. Fujii;C. Ayan;Li Chen;H. Dumont;D. F. Díaz;O. Mullins

了解地层流体粘度及其垂直和横向变化对于油藏管理和决定油田的商业价值非常重要。产能和驱替效率与流体的流动性直接相关，而流动性又受流体粘度的影响很大。因此，粘度是估计油气储层经济价值的关键参数，也是分析成分梯度和储层垂直和水平连通性的关键参数。获取地层流体粘度的常规方法是在实验室对地面和压力/体积/温度（PVT）的相关性进行分析。然而，由于固有的假设，从相关性中推导粘度引入了不确定性。表面粘度测量可能受到采样流体压力和温度变化的不可逆变化以及样品长期储存的相关影响。介绍了一种用于电缆地层测试工具的新型井下传感器，用于测量碳氢化合物的粘度。新的粘度传感器采用振动线（VW）测量方法，并建立了良好的解析方程进行解释。已经对一个实验原型进行了井下现场测试，并进行了大量的实验室测试，以验证传感器在各种粘度（从轻质到稠油）和各种井环境中的性能。该振动丝式粘度计传感器不仅满足测量性能要求，也适用于井下作业，具有以下特点：高压和高温测试（25000 psi和347°F）响应时间快，每秒可提供精确的粘度测量，安装在电缆地层测试器的标准井下流体分析模块中，最近的小型化技术使其成为可能，部署在具有不混溶污染的部分，准确测量流动流体的温度

Knowledge of formation fluid viscosity and its vertical and lateral variations are important for reservoir management and determining field commerciality. Productivity and fluid displacement efficiency are directly related to fluid mobility, which, in turn, is greatly influenced by fluid viscosity. Therefore, viscosity is a critical parameter for estimating the economic value of a hydrocarbon reservoir and also for analyzing compositional gradients and vertical and horizontal reservoir connectivity. The conventional methods for obtaining formation fluid viscosity are laboratory analysis at surface and pressure/volume/temperature (PVT) correlations. However, deducing viscosity from correlations introduces uncertainties owing to the inherent assumptions. Surface viscosity measurement may be affected by irreversible alteration of the sampled fluid through pressure and temperature changes, as well as related effects of long-term sample storage. A new downhole sensor for a wireline formation tester tool has been introduced to measure the viscosity of hydrocarbons. The new viscosity sensor uses a vibrating-wire (VW) measurement method with wellestablished analytical equations for interpretation. Downhole field testing of an experimental prototype has been conducted, with extensive laboratory tests to validate the sensor performance in viscosities ranging from light to heavy oil and at a wide range of well environments. The vibrating wire viscometer sensor meets requirements not only for measurement performance, but also for operations in downhole applications, and possesses the following properties:  High-pressure and high-temperature qualification (25,000 psi and 347° F)  Fast response time with an accurate viscosity measurement provided every second  Installation in standard downhole fluid analyzer modules in wireline formation testers, made possible by recent miniaturization  Deployment in sections with immiscible contamination  Accurate temperature measurement of flowing fluid

DOWNHOLE VISCOSITY MEASUREMENT: REVEALING RESERVOIR FLUID COMPLEXITIES AND ARCHITECTURE

井下粘度测量：揭示储层流体的复杂性和结构

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