Avoiding Competition: the Ecological History of Late Cenozoic Metatherian Carnivores in South America
Avoiding Competition: the Ecological History of Late Cenozoic Metatherian Carnivores in South America
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避免竞争：南美洲新生代晚期后兽类食肉动物的生态史
DOI：
10.1007/s10914-014-9255-8
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Natalia Zimicz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Natalia Zimicz
本文分析了中新世至近代南美中小型后生食肉动物之间的生态相互作用，目的是了解哈氏科（Sparassodonta）与双头亚目（Didelphoidea）之间的生态相互作用。本文分析了这两个群体随时间推移的物种丰富度，以及体重、饮食和几个形态功能变量。沿着。结果表明，多样性曲线呈双楔形。Hathliacynidae的高潮发生在Santacrucian哺乳动物时代，随后下降，在这个家庭的物种丰富度，随后在Barrancalobian亚时代灭绝的家庭。肉食性Didelphoidea显示了第一个最大的物种丰富度在Chapadmalalan，随后下降，并在最近的时间新的上升。这些提到的群体的共存发生在从Chasicoan到Chapadmalalan哺乳动物时代，涵盖了大约600万年的时间跨度。形态功能变量的多变量和单变量分析表明，Hathliacynidae hypercarnivory的限制，而Didelphoidea占据了中，hypocarnivory的生态位。体重分析显示，在小尺寸中有一些重叠，但与功能变量的形态空间中的任何叠加无关。总之，任何被动的替代或主动的位移之间的Hathliacynidae和食肉Didelphoidea的化石记录支持。反过来，一个分区的metatherian食肉行业协会似乎已经发生，通过新第三纪。Hathliacynidae的灭绝似乎是环境变化的结果。
The ecological interaction between small and medium sized South American metatherian carnivores, from the Miocene to Recent, has been analyzed with the objective to understand the ecological interactions between the Hathliacynidae (Sparassodonta) and some Didelphoidea (Didelphimorphia). The species richness through time for these two groups, along with the body mass, diet, and several morphofunctional variables has been analyzed here. The results show a double-wedge geometry of the diversity curve. The climax of the Hathliacynidae took place during the Santacrucian mammal-age with a subsequent decline, in the species richness of this family, followed by the extinction of the family at the Barrancalobian subage. Carnivorous Didelphoidea show a first maximum species richness during the Chapadmalalan followed by a decline and a new rise during Recent times. The coexistence of these mentioned groups took place from the Chasicoan to the Chapadmalalan mammal-ages covering a time span of around 6,000,000 years. The multivariate and univariate analyses of morphofunctional variables suggest a restriction of the Hathliacynidae to hypercarnivory while the Didelphoidea occupied the niche of meso- and hypocarnivory. The body mass analyses show some overlap in small sizes but it is not correlated with any superposition in the morphospace of functional variables. In summary, any passive replacement or active displacement between the Hathliacynidae and carnivorous Didelphoidea are supported by the fossil record. In turn, a partition of the metatherian carnivorous guild seems to have occurred through to the Neogene. The extinction of the Hathliacynidae seems to be a result of environmental change.