Conduction pathways in microtubules, biological quantum computation, and consciousness
Conduction pathways in microtubules, biological quantum computation, and consciousness
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DOI：
10.1016/s0303-2647(01)00183-6
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Tuszynski, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hameroff, S;Nip, A;Tuszynski, J
技术计算正在进入量子领域，将注意力集中在蛋白质等生物分子信息处理系统上，正如迈克尔·康拉德的工作所预示的那样。蛋白质构象动力学和药理学证据表明，蛋白质构象状态-生物系统中的基本信息单位（“比特”）-由量子事件控制，因此可能类似于量子计算中使用的量子比特（“量子比特”）。细胞内的“真实的时间”动态活动受细胞骨架的调节，特别是微管（MT），其是蛋白质微管蛋白的圆柱形晶格聚合物。最近的证据表明，在MT的信号，通信和导电性，和理论模型预测的经典和量子信息处理的MT。在本文中，我们展示了微管蛋白中芳香族氨基酸之间的电子迁移率和可能的量子隧穿和超导电性的传导途径。微管蛋白内的路径匹配微管晶格结构中的螺旋图案，这使它们自身具有抗退相干的拓扑量子效应。Penrose-Hameroff的“Orch OR”模型的意识审查作为一个例子，量子计算在MT的可能效用。(C)2002爱思唯尔科学爱尔兰有限公司保留所有权利。
Technological computation is entering the quantum realm, focusing attention on biomolecular information processing systems such as proteins, as presaged by the work of Michael Conrad. Protein conformational dynamics and pharmacological evidence suggest that protein conformational states-fundamental information units ('bits') in biological systems-are governed by quantum events, and are thus perhaps akin to quantum bits ('qubits') as utilized in quantum computation. 'Real time' dynamic activities within cells are regulated by the cell cytoskeleton, particularly microtubules (MTs) which are cylindrical lattice polymers of the protein tubulin. Recent evidence shows signaling, communication and conductivity in MTs, and theoretical models have predicted both classical and quantum information processing in MTs. In this paper we show conduction pathways for electron mobility and possible quantum tunneling and superconductivity among aromatic amino acids in tubulins. The pathways within tubulin match helical patterns in the microtubule lattice structure, which lend themselves to topological quantum effects resistant to decoherence. The Penrose-Hameroff 'Orch OR' model of consciousness is reviewed as an example of the possible utility of quantum computation in MTs. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.