Commonalities in the experience of household food insecurity across cultures: What are measures missing?
Commonalities in the experience of household food insecurity across cultures: What are measures missing?
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DOI：
10.1093/jn/136.5.1438s
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发表时间：
2006-05-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Houser, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coates, J;Frongillo, EA;Houser, R
本文假设，有一个共同的“核心”，家庭粮食不安全的经验，超越不足的食物数量，并超越文化。该文件首次采用探索性的方法，以确定跨文化的共性的粮食不安全的经验，在22个规模和相关的人种学来自15个不同的国家。不断比较的方法被用来编码的民族志中表达的粮食不安全的经验，并将它们重新组合成域和子域的元素。然后应用这种类型学来确定在所有22项研究中测量（或不测量）了哪些体验领域和子域。然后分析了11项研究的调查数据，以评估不同文化的家庭对与这些共同领域/子领域相关的问卷项目的相对频率的相似性。分析证实，在所有抽样文化中，食物数量不足、质量不佳以及对食物的不确定性和担忧是粮食不安全经历的重要组成部分;在所有人种学描述中，都出现了对社会不可接受性的担忧。确定了几个次级领域，例如对过度食品安全和饮食模式中断的关切，这些次级领域可能对身心健康产生重要影响。比较调查数据显示，除了少数文化之外，所有文化中人口对与领域有关的问卷项目作出答复的相对频率都是相似的。未来的粮食不安全评估应将这些核心领域和子领域作为出发点，采取措施，产生丰富的信息，为粮食安全政策和方案提供信息。
This paper hypothesizes that there is a common "core" to the household food insecurity experience that goes beyond insufficient food quantity and that transcends culture. The paper for the first time employs an exploratory approach to identify cross-cultural commonalities of the food insecurity experience as captured in 22 scales and related ethnographies derived from 15 different countries. The constant comparative method was used to code elements of the food insecurity experience expressed in the ethnographies and to regroup them into domains and subdomains. This typology was then applied to ascertain which experiential domains and subdomains were measured (or not) across all 22 studies. Survey data from 11 of the studies were then analyzed to assess similarities in the relative frequency with which culturally diverse households responded to questionnaire items related to these common domains/subdomains. The analysis confirmed that insufficient food quantity, inadequate food quality, and uncertainty and worry about food were a significant part of the food insecurity experience in all sampled cultures; concerns about social unacceptability emerged in all ethnographic accounts. Several subdomains were identified, such as concern overfood safety and meal pattern disruption, with potentially important consequences for physical and psychological well-being. The comparative survey data showed that the relative frequency at which populations responded to domain-related questionnaire items was similar across all but a few cultures. Future food insecurity assessments should consider these core domains and subdomains as the starting point for measures that can generate rich information to inform food security policies and programs.