A comprehensive model of Drosophila epithelium reveals the role of embryo geometry and cell topology in mechanical responses.
A comprehensive model of Drosophila epithelium reveals the role of embryo geometry and cell topology in mechanical responses.
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DOI：
10.7554/elife.85569
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发表时间：
2023-10-02
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Doubrovinski K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cheikh MI;Tchoufag J;Osterfield M;Dean K;Bhaduri S;Zhang C;Mandadapu KK;Doubrovinski K
为了了解形态发生，有必要了解形成活组织的材料属性或力。尽管有这种需求，但目前几乎没有活体测量方法。在这里，以果蝇早期胚胎为模型，我们描述了一种新的基于悬臂的技术，该技术允许同时量化活胚胎中的外力和组织位移。通过对胚胎上皮细胞受到发育相关扰动的一系列实验数据的分析，我们得出结论：对外力的反应是绝热的，由弹性力和几何约束或系统尺寸效应主导。至关重要的是，对实验数据的计算机模拟表明，上皮的顶面必须比基面软，这一结果我们在实验上得到了证实。在此基础上，结合实验数据和综合计算模型，估算了根尖表面的弹性模量值，并确定了基底面的弹性模量值的下限。更广泛地说，我们的研究揭示了重要的一般特征，我们认为在对任何系统中的组织力学进行定量建模时，这些特征应该得到更广泛的解决。具体地说，同一细胞的不同隔室可以具有非常不同的机械性能；当它们具有时，它们可以对不同的机械刺激做出不同的贡献，而不能仅仅是平均在一起。此外，组织几何形状在机械反应中可以发挥重要作用，并且不能被忽略。
In order to understand morphogenesis, it is necessary to know the material properties or forces shaping the living tissue. In spite of this need, very few in vivo measurements are currently available. Here, using the early Drosophila embryo as a model, we describe a novel cantilever-based technique which allows for the simultaneous quantification of applied force and tissue displacement in a living embryo. By analyzing data from a series of experiments in which embryonic epithelium is subjected to developmentally relevant perturbations, we conclude that the response to applied force is adiabatic and is dominated by elastic forces and geometric constraints, or system size effects. Crucially, computational modeling of the experimental data indicated that the apical surface of the epithelium must be softer than the basal surface, a result which we confirmed experimentally. Further, we used the combination of experimental data and comprehensive computational model to estimate the elastic modulus of the apical surface and set a lower bound on the elastic modulus of the basal surface. More generally, our investigations revealed important general features that we believe should be more widely addressed when quantitatively modeling tissue mechanics in any system. Specifically, different compartments of the same cell can have very different mechanical properties; when they do, they can contribute differently to different mechanical stimuli and cannot be merely averaged together. Additionally, tissue geometry can play a substantial role in mechanical response, and cannot be neglected.
影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Figard, Lauren;Xu, Heng;Garcia, Hernan G.;Golding, Ido;Sokac, Anna Marie
通讯作者：
Sokac, Anna Marie