Characterization of nonfunctional V1R-like pheromone receptor sequences in human
Characterization of nonfunctional V1R-like pheromone receptor sequences in human
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DOI：
10.1101/gr.10.12.1979
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发表时间：
2000-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Rouquier, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giorgi, D;Friedman, C;Rouquier, S
犁鼻器（VNO）或雅各布森器官在陆地脊椎动物中负责信息素的感官知觉，信息素是在同一物种个体中引起刻板行为的化学物质。信息素诱导的行为和功能性 VNO 已在许多哺乳动物中得到描述，但这种感觉系统在人类中的存在仍然存在争议。最近，在大鼠体内鉴定出了编码信息素受体的两个非同源基因家族V1R和V2R。这些受体属于七跨膜结构域 G 蛋白偶联受体超家族。我们试图表征人类基因组中的 V1R 样基因。我们通过 PCR 和啮齿动物序列文库筛选鉴定了七种不同的人类序列。这些人类序列表现出V1R受体的特征，并与大鼠序列显示出52%-59%的氨基酸序列同一性。使用单染色体体细胞杂交组上的 PCR 和/或 FISH，我们证明这些 VIR 样序列分布在 7、16、20、13、14、15、21 和 22 号染色体上，也可能分布在其他染色体上。一条序列与所有近端着丝粒染色体（13、14、15、21 和 22）上的着丝粒周围位置杂交。分析的所有七个 V1R 样序列均显示中断的阅读框，表明它们代表非功能性假基因。人类 V1R 序列中假基因的优势以及啮齿动物和人类 VNO 之间显着的解剖学差异提出了人类可能已经失去了啮齿动物的 V1R/VNO 介导的感觉功能的可能性。
The vomeronasal organ (VNO) or Jacobson's organ is responsible in terrestrial Vertebrates for the sensory perception of pheromones, chemicals that elicit stereotyped behaviors among individuals of the same species. Pheromone-induced behaviors and a functional VNO have been described in a number of mammals, but the existence of this sensory system in human is still debated. Recently, two nonhomologous gene families, V1R and V2R, encoding pheromone receptors have been identified in rat. These receptors belong to the seven-transmembrane domain G-protein-coupled receptor superfamily. We sought to characterize V1R-like genes in the human genome. We have identified seven different human sequences by PCR and library screening with rodent sequences. These human sequences exhibit characteristic features of V1R receptors and show 52%-59% of amino acid sequence identity with the rat sequences. Using PCR on a monochromosomal somatic cell hybrid panel and/or FISH, we demonstrate that these VIR-like sequences are distributed on chromosomes 7, 16, 20, 13, 14, 15, 21, and 22 and possibly on additional chromosomes. One sequence hybridizes to pericentromeric Locations on all the acrocentric chromosomes (13, 14, 15, 21, and 22). All of the seven V1R-like sequences analyzed show interrupted reading Frames, indicating that they represent nonfunctional pseudogenes. The preponderence of pseudogenes among human V1R sequences and the striking anatomical differences between rodent and human VNO raise the possibility that humans may have lost the V1R/VNO-mediated sensory functions of rodents.