Vacuole dynamics in the salivary glands of Drosophila melanogaster during prepupal development
Vacuole dynamics in the salivary glands of Drosophila melanogaster during prepupal development
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DOI：
10.1111/dgd.12193
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Mechler, Bernard M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Farkas, Robert;Benova-Liszekova, Denisa;Mechler, Bernard M.
果蝇唾液腺（SG）的一个中心功能是在蛹化过程中产生并释放分泌胶，用于将新形成的蛹附着到基质上，该功能在历史上以其多线染色体而闻名。果蝇生活史中的这一重要事件在幼虫后期受类固醇激素蜕皮激素的调节。蜕皮激素触发一系列连续的基因激活，导致胶分泌，并启动发育调节的幼虫唾液腺程序性细胞死亡（PCD），其在蛹形成（APF）后16小时达到高潮。我们在这里证明，即使在幼虫唾液腺已经完成了什么被认为是他们的主要生物功能之一-在pupariation胶水分泌-他们仍然保持动态和生理活性，直到执行阶段的PCD。我们已经使用了特定的代谢抑制剂和遗传工具，包括shi，Rab 5，Rab 11，vha 55，vha 68 -2，vha 36 -1，syx 1A，syx 4和Vps 35的突变或转基因，以表征在蛹化和7-8h APF之间发生在SG细胞中的一系列戏剧性的细胞变化。在蛹前早期，它们在内吞作用中非常活跃，形成酸性液泡。在蛹前期中期，有大量的晚期内体运输和空泡生长，随后是空泡中和和通过膜整合消失。这项工作提供了新的见解果蝇SGs在早期至中期prepupal期间的功能。
A central function of the Drosophila salivary glands (SGs), historically known for their polytene chromosomes, is to produce and then release during pupariation the secretory glue used to affix a newly formed puparium to a substrate. This essential event in the life history of Drosophila is regulated by the steroid hormone ecdysone in the late-larval period. Ecdysone triggers a cascade of sequential gene activation that leads to glue secretion and initiates the developmentally-regulated programmed cell death (PCD) of the larval salivary glands, which culminates 16h after puparium formation (APF). We demonstrate here that, even after the larval salivary glands have completed what is perceived to be one of their major biological functions - glue secretion during pupariation - they remain dynamic and physiologically active up until the execution phase of PCD. We have used specific metabolic inhibitors and genetic tools, including mutations or transgenes for shi, Rab5, Rab11, vha55, vha68-2, vha36-1, syx1A, syx4, and Vps35 to characterize the dramatic series of cellular changes occurring in the SG cells between pupariation and 7-8h APF. Early in the prepupal period, they are remarkably active in endocytosis, forming acidic vacuoles. Midway through the prepupal period, there is abundant late endosomal trafficking and vacuole growth, which is followed later by vacuole neutralization and disappearance via membrane consolidation. This work provides new insights into the function of Drosophila SGs during the early- to mid-prepupal period.